Related papers: On Perturbatively Dressed Observables
A partially alternative derivation of the expression for the time dilation effect in a uniform static gravitational field is obtained by means of a thought experiment in which rates of clocks at rest at different heights are compared using…
Gauge-invariant treatments of general-relativistic higher-order perturbations on generic background spacetime is proposed. We show the fact that the linear-order metric perturbation is decomposed into gauge-invariant and gauge-variant…
We introduce in the framework of the linear approximation of General relativity a natural distinction between General gauge transformations generated by any vector field and those Special ones for which this vector field is a gradient. This…
Scalar-tensor gravity represents a natural extension of general relativity. This paper investigates a conformal scalar-tensor gravity, the environmentally dependent dilaton model, and identifies regions of its parameter space potentially…
This paper discusses the gauge issue touching the gravitational waves induced at the second order by the scalar modes of cosmological perturbations. These waves are known to depend on the gauge used for their calculation. In this paper, we…
We introduce dressed Wilson loops as a novel confinement observable. It consists of closed planar loops of arbitrary geometry but fixed area and its expectation values decay with the latter. The construction of dressed Wilson loops is based…
It is possible to describe a universal scalar field of time but not a universal coordinate of time and to attribute its non-geodesic alignment to the electromagnetic phenomena. A very surprising outcome is that not only mass generates…
We introduce dressed Wilson loops as a novel confinement observable. It consists of closed planar loops of arbitrary geometry but fixed area, and its expectation values decay with the latter. The construction of dressed Wilson loops is…
Some conceptual issues concerning general invariant theories, with special emphasis on general relativity, are analyzed. The common assertion that observables must be required to be gauge invariant is examined in the light of the role…
We study Einstein gravity in a finite spatial region. By requiring a well-defined variational principle, we identify all local boundary conditions, derive surface observables, and compute their algebra. The observables arise as induced…
The properties of metric perturbations are determined in the context of an expanding Universe governed by a modified theory of gravity with a non-minimal coupling between curvature and matter. We analyse the dynamics of the 6 components of…
Linear response theory has developed into a formidable set of tools for studying the forced behaviour of a large variety of systems - including out of equilibrium ones. In this paper we provide a new angle on the problem, by studying under…
Using a recent classification of local symmetries of the vacuum Einstein equations, it is shown that there can be no observables for the vacuum gravitational field (in a closed universe) built as spatial integrals of local functions of…
We probe the thermodynamic structure of gravity at local scales. In any general curved spacetime, it is possible to transform to a local inertial frame at any point such that the metric is flat up to quadratic order where the curvature at…
Is change missing in Hamiltonian Einstein-Maxwell theory? Given the most common definition of observables (having weakly vanishing Poisson bracket with each first-class constraint), observables are constants of the motion and nonlocal.…
We give an overview of some conceptual difficulties, sometimes called paradoxes, that have puzzled for years the physical interpetation of classical canonical gravity and, by extension, the canonical formulation of generally covariant…
In this work, we study the classical phase space for the gravitational degrees of freedom along a null ray. We construct gauge-invariant observables localized on a null ray segment that commute with those localized on the complement; thus,…
In this paper we prove a number of exact relations between optical observables, such as trigonometric parallax, position drift and the proper motion of a luminous source in addition to the variations of redshift and the viewing angle. These…
We consider the relational approach to construct gauge-invariant observables in cosmological perturbation theory using synchronous coordinates. We construct dynamical synchronous coordinates as non-local scalar functionals of the metric…
One of geodesy's main tasks is to determine the gravity field of the Earth. High precision clocks have the potential to provide a new tool in a global determination of the Earth's gravitational potential based on the gravitational redshift.…