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Related papers: QGCL: Quantum-Guided Clause Learning for Cryptanal…

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Our work presents a novel reinforcement learning (RL) based framework to optimize heuristic selection within the conflict-driven clause learning (CDCL) process, improving the efficiency of Boolean satisfiability (SAT) solving. The proposed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Muyu Pan , Matthew Walter , Dheeraj Kodakandla , Mahfuza Farooque

Quantified Conflict Driven Clause Leaning (QCDCL) is one of the main approaches to solving Quantified Boolean Formulas (QBF). Cube-learning is employed in this approach to ensure that true formulas can be verified. Dependency Schemes help…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Abhimanyu Choudhury , Meena Mahajan

This article introduces SatHyS (SAT HYbrid Solver), a novel hybrid approach for propositional satisfiability. It combines local search and conflict driven clause learning (CDCL) scheme. Each time the local search part reaches a local…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-10-08 Gilles Audenard , Jean-Marie Lagniez , Bertrand Mazure , Lakhdar Saïs

Restart policy is an important technique used in modern Conflict-Driven Clause Learning (CDCL) solvers, wherein some parts of the solver state are erased at certain intervals during the run of the solver. In most solvers, variable…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Chunxiao Li , Charlie Liu , Jonathan Chung , Zhengyang Lu , Piyush Jha , Vijay Ganesh

Quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols are proven secure based on fundamental physical laws, however, the proofs consider a well-defined setting and encoding of the sent quantum signals only. Side channels, where the encoded quantum state…

Grover's search algorithm gives a quantum attack against block ciphers by searching for a key that matches a small number of plaintext-ciphertext pairs. This attack uses $O(\sqrt{N})$ calls to the cipher to search a key space of size $N$.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-07 Samuel Jaques , Michael Naehrig , Martin Roetteler , Fernando Virdia

Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises information-theoretic security, yet practical deployments in discrete-variable (DV) and continuous-variable (CV) settings remain exposed to device imperfections, channel manipulation, finite-key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Hasan Abbas Al-Mohammed , Afnan S. Al-Ali

The hybrid quantum-classical learning scheme provides a prominent way to achieve quantum advantages on near-term quantum devices. A concrete example towards this goal is the quantum neural network (QNN), which has been developed to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-31 Yuxuan Du , Min-Hsiu Hsieh , Tongliang Liu , Dacheng Tao

Over the years complexity theorists have proposed many structural parameters to explain the surprising efficiency of conflict-driven clause-learning (CDCL) SAT solvers on a wide variety of large industrial Boolean instances. While some of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-06-28 Edward Zulkoski , Ruben Martins , Christoph Wintersteiger , Robert Robere , Jia Liang , Krzysztof Czarnecki , Vijay Ganesh

Clause Learning is one of the most important components of a conflict driven clause learning (CDCL) SAT solver that is effective on industrial instances. Since the number of learned clauses is proved to be exponential in the worse case, it…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-06-01 Jerry Lonlac , Engelbert Mephu Nguifo

Boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem is of fundamental importance in computer science and many application domains. For Grover's algorithm, solving the SAT problem requires $\mathcal{O}(\sqrt{2^n})$ queries--where n denotes the number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 He Wang , Jinyang Yao

More and more languages have a need for constraint solving capabilities for features like error detection or automatic code generation. Imagine a dependently typed language that can immediately implement a program as soon as its type is…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Arved Friedemann , Oliver Keszocze

The Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) is of central importance in both theory and practice. Yet, most provable guarantees for quantum algorithms rely exclusively on Grover-type methods that cap the possible advantage at only quadratic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-14 Franz J. Schreiber , Maximilian J. Kramer , Alexander Nietner , Jens Eisert

The theory of quantifier-free bit-vectors (QF_BV) is of paramount importance in software verification. The standard approach for satisfiability checking reduces the bit-vector problem to a Boolean problem, leveraging the powerful SAT…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-06-29 Zakaria Chihani , François Bobot , Sébastien Bardin

Variational quantum algorithms hold the promise to address meaningful quantum problems already on noisy intermediate-scale quantum hardware. In spite of the promise, they face the challenge of designing quantum circuits that both solve the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 Akash Kundu , Stefano Mangini

Conflict-driven clause learning (CDCL) is a remarkably successful paradigm for solving the satisfiability problem of propositional logic. Instead of a simple depth-first backtracking approach, this kind of solver learns the reason behind…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Tom Krüger , Jan-Hendrik Lorenz , Florian Wörz

This paper presents a quantum search approach to combinatorial constraint satisfaction problems, demonstrated through the generation of magic squares. We reformulate magic square construction as a quantum search problem in which a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Rituparna R , Harsha Varthini , Aswani Kumar Cherukuri

The random k-SAT instances undergo a "phase transition" from being generally satisfiable to unsatisfiable as the clause number m passes a critical threshold, $r_k n$. This causes a drastic reduction in the number of satisfying assignments,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-05 Mingyou Wu

The realization of large-scale quantum computers requires not only quantum error correction (QEC) but also fault-tolerant operations to handle errors that propagate into harmful errors. Recently, flag-based protocols have been introduced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-14 Remmy Zen , Jan Olle , Luis Colmenarez , Matteo Puviani , Markus Müller , Florian Marquardt

Adversarial training (AT) for robust representation learning and self-supervised learning (SSL) for unsupervised representation learning are two active research fields. Integrating AT into SSL, multiple prior works have accomplished a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Chaoning Zhang , Kang Zhang , Chenshuang Zhang , Axi Niu , Jiu Feng , Chang D. Yoo , In So Kweon