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Overparametrized Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have demonstrated remarkable success in a wide variety of domains too high-dimensional for classical shallow networks subject to the curse of dimensionality. However, open questions about…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 David A. Danhofer , Davide D'Ascenzo , Rafael Dubach , Tomaso Poggio

Identifying the structural priors that enable Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) to overcome the curse of dimensionality is a fundamental challenge in machine learning theory. Existing literature suggests that effective high-dimensional learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Hongyu Lin , Antonio Briola , Yuanrong Wang , Tomaso Aste

Deep learning algorithms demonstrate a surprising ability to learn high-dimensional tasks from limited examples. This is commonly attributed to the depth of neural networks, enabling them to build a hierarchy of abstract, low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Francesco Cagnetta , Leonardo Petrini , Umberto M. Tomasini , Alessandro Favero , Matthieu Wyart

In this paper, we focus on approximating a natural class of functions that are compositions of smooth functions. Unlike the low-dimensional support assumption on the covariate, we demonstrate that composition functions have an intrinsic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-04-24 Chenguang Duan , Yuling Jiao , Xiliang Lu , Jerry Zhijian Yang , Cheng Yuan

Approximating functions of a large number of variables poses particular challenges often subsumed under the term ``Curse of Dimensionality'' (CoD). Unless the approximated function exhibits a very high level of smoothness the CoD can be…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-06-16 Wolfgang Dahmen

As demonstrated in many areas of real-life applications, neural networks have the capability of dealing with high dimensional data. In the fields of optimal control and dynamical systems, the same capability was studied and verified in many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Wei Kang , Qi Gong

Deep neural networks have emerged as powerful tools for learning operators defined over infinite-dimensional function spaces. However, existing theories frequently encounter difficulties related to dimensionality and limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jianfei Li , Shuo Huang , Han Feng , Ding-Xuan Zhou , Gitta Kutyniok

We study approximation and statistical learning properties of deep ReLU networks under structural assumptions that mitigate the curse of dimensionality. We prove minimax-optimal uniform approximation rates for $s$-H\"older smooth functions…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-06 Thomas Nagler , Sophie Langer

In comparison to classical shallow representation learning techniques, deep neural networks have achieved superior performance in nearly every application benchmark. But despite their clear empirical advantages, it is still not well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Calvin Murdock , George Cazenavette , Simon Lucey

We show that deep neural networks (DNNs) can efficiently learn any composition of functions with bounded $F_{1}$-norm, which allows DNNs to break the curse of dimensionality in ways that shallow networks cannot. More specifically, we derive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-07 Arthur Jacot , Seok Hoan Choi , Yuxiao Wen

In this paper, we focus on the unsupervised setting for structure learning of deep neural networks and propose to adopt the efficient coding principle, rooted in information theory and developed in computational neuroscience, to guide the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Jinhui Yuan , Fei Pan , Chunting Zhou , Tao Qin , Tie-Yan Liu

The current understanding of deep neural networks can only partially explain how input structure, network parameters and optimization algorithms jointly contribute to achieve the strong generalization power that is typically observed in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Francesco Craighero , Fabrizio Angaroni , Alex Graudenzi , Fabio Stella , Marco Antoniotti

Parity functions are fundamental Boolean operations with critical applications across machine learning, cryptography, and error correction. Yet, learning high-dimensional parity functions poses significant challenges: in a general setting,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Guillaume Larue , Louis-Adrien Dufrène , Quentin Lampin , Hadi Ghauch , Ghaya Rekaya

Understanding how information is represented in neural networks is a fundamental challenge in both neuroscience and artificial intelligence. Despite their nonlinear architectures, recent evidence suggests that neural networks encode…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 David Klindt , Charles O'Neill , Patrik Reizinger , Harald Maurer , Nina Miolane

We use deep sparsely connected neural networks to measure the complexity of a function class in $L^2(\mathbb R^d)$ by restricting connectivity and memory requirement for storing the neural networks. We also introduce representation system -…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Khay Boon Hong

Deep learning has been wildly successful in practice and most state-of-the-art machine learning methods are based on neural networks. Lacking, however, is a rigorous mathematical theory that adequately explains the amazing performance of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-03 Rahul Parhi , Robert D. Nowak

This paper is concerned with convergence estimates for fully discrete tree tensor network approximations of high-dimensional functions from several model classes. For functions having standard or mixed Sobolev regularity, new estimates…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-12-03 Markus Bachmayr , Anthony Nouy , Reinhold Schneider

Deep learning has been the engine powering many successes of data science. However, the deep neural network (DNN), as the basic model of deep learning, is often excessively over-parameterized, causing many difficulties in training,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-09 Yan Sun , Qifan Song , Faming Liang

The main success stories of deep learning, starting with ImageNet, depend on deep convolutional networks, which on certain tasks perform significantly better than traditional shallow classifiers, such as support vector machines, and also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Arturo Deza , Qianli Liao , Andrzej Banburski , Tomaso Poggio

In this work, we explore the intersection of sparse coding theory and deep learning to enhance our understanding of feature extraction capabilities in advanced neural network architectures. We begin by introducing a novel class of Deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Jianfei Li , Han Feng , Ding-Xuan Zhou
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