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The remarkable progress in deep learning (DL) showcases outstanding results in various computer vision tasks. However, adaptation to real-time variations in data distributions remains an important challenge. Test-Time Training (TTT) was…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Marco Colussi , Sergio Mascetti , Jose Dolz , Christian Desrosiers

The ability to learn robust policies while generalizing over large discrete action spaces is an open challenge for intelligent systems, especially in noisy environments that face the curse of dimensionality. In this paper, we present a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Pranavi Pathakota , Hardik Meisheri , Harshad Khadilkar

Reinforcement learning often produces high-frequency oscillatory control signals that undermine the safety and stability required for physical deployment. Explicit action chunking addresses this by predicting fixed-horizon trajectories but…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Bosun Liang , Shuo Pei , Zirui Chen , Chuanzhi Fan , Chen Sun , Yuankai Wu , Huachun Tan , Yong Wang

We study generalizable policy learning from demonstrations for complex low-level control (e.g., contact-rich object manipulations). We propose a novel hierarchical imitation learning method that utilizes sub-optimal demos. Firstly, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Zhiwei Jia , Vineet Thumuluri , Fangchen Liu , Linghao Chen , Zhiao Huang , Hao Su

Autoregressive policies offer a compelling foundation for scalable robot learning by enabling discrete abstraction, token-level reasoning, and flexible inference. However, applying autoregressive modeling to continuous robot actions…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Chaoqi Liu , Xiaoshen Han , Jiawei Gao , Yue Zhao , Haonan Chen , Yilun Du

We study the broadcast transmission of a single file to an arbitrary number of receivers using Random Linear Network Coding (RLNC) in a network with unreliable channels. Due to the increased computational complexity of the decoding process…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-06-12 Emmanouil Skevakis , Ioannis Lambadaris , Hassan Halabian

Action chunking is a widely adopted approach in Learning from Demonstration (LfD). By modeling multi-step action chunks rather than single-step actions, action chunking significantly enhances modeling capabilities for human expert policies.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Yueyang Weng , Xiaopeng Zhang , Yongjin Mu , Yingcong Zhu , Yanjie Li , Qi Liu

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) with deep test-time memorization modules, such as Titans and TTT, represent a promising, linearly-scaling paradigm distinct from Transformers. While these expressive models do not yet match the peak…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Zeman Li , Ali Behrouz , Yuan Deng , Peilin Zhong , Praneeth Kacham , Mahdi Karami , Meisam Razaviyayn , Vahab Mirrokni

In an effort to overcome limitations of reward-driven feature learning in deep reinforcement learning (RL) from images, we propose decoupling representation learning from policy learning. To this end, we introduce a new unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Adam Stooke , Kimin Lee , Pieter Abbeel , Michael Laskin

Action and observation delays commonly occur in many Reinforcement Learning applications, such as remote control scenarios. We study the anatomy of randomly delayed environments, and show that partially resampling trajectory fragments in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Simon Ramstedt , Yann Bouteiller , Giovanni Beltrame , Christopher Pal , Jonathan Binas

Transformers are designed for discrete tokens, yet many real-world signals are continuous processes observed through noisy sampling. Discrete tokenizations (raw values, patches, finite differences) can be brittle in low signal-to-noise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Griffin Kearney

Reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated remarkable capability in acquiring robot skills, but learning each new skill still requires substantial data collection for training. The pretrain-and-finetune paradigm offers a promising…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Ziang Zheng , Guojian Zhan , Bin Shuai , Shengtao Qin , Jiangtao Li , Tao Zhang , Shengbo Eben Li

Deep reinforcement learning can generate complex control policies, but requires large amounts of training data to work effectively. Recent work has attempted to address this issue by leveraging differentiable simulators. However, inherent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Jie Xu , Viktor Makoviychuk , Yashraj Narang , Fabio Ramos , Wojciech Matusik , Animesh Garg , Miles Macklin

The subject of this paper is reinforcement learning. Policies are considered here that produce actions based on states and random elements autocorrelated in subsequent time instants. Consequently, an agent learns from experiments that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-11 Marcin Szulc , Jakub Łyskawa , Paweł Wawrzyński

Temporal credit assignment in reinforcement learning is challenging due to delayed and stochastic outcomes. Monte Carlo targets can bridge long delays between action and consequence but lead to high-variance targets due to stochasticity.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Aditya A. Ramesh , Kenny Young , Louis Kirsch , Jürgen Schmidhuber

Test-Time Compute (TTC) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for enhancing the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) at inference, leveraging strategies such as Test-Time Training (TTT) and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG). However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-15 J. Pablo Muñoz , Jinjie Yuan

We present ATLAS-RTC, a runtime control system for autoregressive language models that enforces structured output during decoding. ATLAS-RTC monitors generation at each step, detects drift from output contracts using lightweight signals,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Christopher Cruz

In this pilot study, we propose a neuro-inspired approach that compresses temporal sequences into context-tagged chunks, where each tag represents a recurring structural unit or``community'' in the sequence. These tags are generated during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Jayanta Dey , Nicholas Soures , Miranda Gonzales , Itamar Lerner , Christopher Kanan , Dhireesha Kudithipudi

The main objective of the paper is to improve the Round Robin (RR) algorithm using dynamic ITS by coalescing it with Shortest Remaining Time Next (SRTN) algorithm thus reducing the average waiting time, average turnaround time and the…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2011-03-22 H. S. Behera , Simpi Patel , Bijayalakshmi Panda

Temporal-difference (TD) methods learn state and action values efficiently by bootstrapping from their own future value predictions, but such a self-bootstrapping mechanism is prone to bootstrapping bias, where the errors in the value…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Qiyang Li , Seohong Park , Sergey Levine