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Related papers: Memory-Induced Tool-Drift in LLM Agents

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LLM-driven agents are capable of selecting external tools to complete users' tasks. However, attackers could compromise such process, steering agents toward inappropriate/wrong tools and enabling malicious actions. Most existing attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Xuanye Zhang , Yongsen Zheng , Zhuqin Xu , Kaiyu Zhou , Bowen Shen , Haoran Ou , Tianwei Zhang , Kwok-Yan Lam

Modern agentic systems allow Large Language Model (LLM) agents to tackle complex tasks through extensive tool usage, forming structured control flows of tool selection and execution. Existing security analyses often treat these control…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zhenlin Xu , Xiaogang Zhu , Yu Yao , Minhui Xue , Yiliao Song

Safety evaluations of memory-equipped LLM agents typically measure within-task safety: whether an agent completes a single scenario safely, often under adversarial conditions such as prompt injection or memory poisoning. In deployment,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Ahmad Al-Tawaha , Shangding Gu , Peizhi Niu , Ruoxi Jia , Ming Jin

Modern LLM based agents are no longer passive text generators. They read repositories, call tools, browse the web, execute code, maintain memory, communicate with other agents, and act through long horizon workflows. This shift moves the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Tianxiao Li , Yixing Ma , Haiquan Wen , Zhenglin Huang , Qianyu Zhou , Zeyu Fu , Guangliang Cheng

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly rely on external tools (file operations, API calls, database transactions) to autonomously complete complex multi-step tasks. Practitioners deploy defense-trained models to protect against…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Shawn Li , Yue Zhao

Tool-using LLM agents increasingly rely on external tools to make consequential decisions, yet most existing agent-security benchmarks and defenses implicitly assume that tool feedback is trustworthy once a tool has been selected. We study…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Lecheng Yan , Ruizhe Li , Xicheng Han , Wenxi Li , Binwu Wang , Longyue Wang , Chenyang Lyu , Guanhua Chen

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly rely on external memory systems to remain consistent across long-horizon interactions, but little empirical work has been done to understand the specific failure modes and design choices that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Ishir Garg , Neel Kolhe , Dawn Song , Xuandong Zhao

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly operate in settings where a single context window is far too small to capture what has happened, what was learned, and what should not be repeated. Memory -- the ability to persist, organize,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Pengfei Du

LLM agents are evolving rapidly, powered by code execution, tools, and the recently introduced agent skills feature. Skills allow users to extend LLM applications with specialized third-party code, knowledge, and instructions. Although this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-26 David Schmotz , Luca Beurer-Kellner , Sahar Abdelnabi , Maksym Andriushchenko

Users often omit essential details in their requests to LLM-based agents, resulting in under-specified inputs for tool use. This poses a fundamental challenge for tool-augmented agents, as API execution typically requires complete…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yejin Yoon , Minseo Kim , Taeuk Kim

People increasingly use LLM agents for multi-turn financial recommendations, where the agent pulls market data through tools and tracks user preferences across turns. When tool outputs are manipulated, the recommendations stop matching the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Zekun Wu , Adriano Koshiyama , Sahan Bulathwela , Maria Perez-Ortiz

The accelerating adoption of language models (LMs) as agents for deployment in long-context tasks motivates a thorough understanding of goal drift: agents' tendency to deviate from an original objective. While prior-generation language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Achyutha Menon , Magnus Saebo , Tyler Crosse , Spencer Gibson , Eyon Jang , Diogo Cruz

Large Language Model (LLM) agents use memory to learn from past interactions, enabling autonomous planning and decision-making in complex environments. However, this reliance on memory introduces a critical security risk: an adversary can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Qianshan Wei , Tengchao Yang , Yaochen Wang , Xinfeng Li , Lijun Li , Zhenfei Yin , Yi Zhan , Thorsten Holz , Zhiqiang Lin , XiaoFeng Wang

Memory is a critical component in large language model (LLM)-based agents, enabling them to store and retrieve past executions to improve task performance over time. In this paper, we conduct an empirical study on how memory management…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Zidi Xiong , Yuping Lin , Wenya Xie , Pengfei He , Zirui Liu , Jiliang Tang , Himabindu Lakkaraju , Zhen Xiang

Tool-use large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly deployed to support sensitive workflows, relying on tool calls for retrieval, external API access, and session memory management. While prior research has examined various threats,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Wuyang Zhang , Shichao Pei

Long-term memory mechanisms enable Large Language Models (LLMs) to maintain continuity and personalization across extended interaction lifecycles, but they also introduce new and underexplored risks related to fairness. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yiming Ma , Lixu Wang , Lionel Z. Wang , Hongkun Yang , Haoming Sun , Xin Xu , Jiaqi Wu , Bin Chen , Wei Dong

Memory is a central capability for LLM agents operating across long-horizon tasks. Existing memory benchmarks predominantly evaluate retention of personalized information in multi-turn chat scenarios, overlooking the dynamic memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Wujiang Xu , Yu Wang , Kai Mei , Kaiqu Liang , Zhenting Wang , Mingyu Jin , Han Zhang , Shi-Xiong Zhang , Wenyue Hua , Sambit Sahu , Dimitris N. Metaxas

Equipping Large Language Models (LLMs) with persistent memory enhances interaction continuity and personalization but introduces new safety risks. Specifically, contaminated or biased memory accumulation can trigger abnormal agent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Weiwei Xie , Shaoxiong Guo , Fan Zhang , Tian Xia , Xue Yang , Lizhuang Ma , Junchi Yan , Qibing Ren

Large Language Models (LLMs) have empowered AI agents with advanced capabilities for understanding, reasoning, and interacting across diverse tasks. The addition of memory further enhances them by enabling continuity across interactions,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Himanshu Gharat , Himanshi Agrawal , Gourab K. Patro

Multi-trajectory inference for tool-use LLM agents - generating multiple reasoning attempts and selecting among them - benefits from transferring knowledge across attempts so that later ones avoid the pitfalls of earlier ones. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Xinzhe Li , Yaguang Tao
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