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Human readers can efficiently comprehend scrambled words, a phenomenon known as Typoglycemia, primarily by relying on word form; if word form alone is insufficient, they further utilize contextual cues for interpretation. While advanced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Chenxi Wang , Tianle Gu , Zhongyu Wei , Lang Gao , Zirui Song , Xiuying Chen

Omnimodal large language models (OmniLLMs) have attracted increasing research attention of late towards unified audio-video understanding. However, the high computational cost of processing longer joint audio-video token sequences has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Keda Tao , Kele Shao , Bohan Yu , Weiqiang Wang , Jian liu , Huan Wang

Decompilation transforms low-level program languages (PL) (e.g., binary code) into high-level PLs (e.g., C/C++). It has been widely used when analysts perform security analysis on software (systems) whose source code is unavailable, such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Ruigang Liang , Ying Cao , Peiwei Hu , Jinwen He , Kai Chen

Different from traditional secure communication that focuses on symbolic protection at the physical layer, semantic secure communication requires further attention to semantic-level task performance at the application layer. There is a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Lingyi Wang , Wei Wu , Fuhui Zhou , Zhijin Qin , Qihui Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing tasks successfully. Yet, their large size and high computational needs pose challenges for practical use, especially in resource-limited settings. Model compression…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Xunyu Zhu , Jian Li , Yong Liu , Can Ma , Weiping Wang

Supported by powerful generative models, low-bitrate learned image compression (LIC) models utilizing perceptual metrics have become feasible. Some of the most advanced models achieve high compression rates and superior perceptual quality…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-21 Shimon Murai , Heming Sun , Jiro Katto

This work investigates context compression for Large Language Models (LLMs) using learned compression tokens to reduce the memory and computational demands of processing long sequences. We demonstrate that pre-trained LLMs can be fine-tuned…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Dmitrii Tarasov , Elizaveta Goncharova , Kuznetsov Andrey

Language models (LMs) can generate code but cannot guarantee its correctness$\unicode{x2014}$often producing outputs that violate type safety, program invariants, or other semantic properties. Constrained decoding offers a solution by…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Shaan Nagy , Timothy Zhou , Nadia Polikarpova , Loris D'Antoni

Ensuring both syntactic and semantic correctness in Large Language Model (LLM) outputs remains a significant challenge, despite being critical for real-world deployment. In this paper, we introduce $\texttt{SEM-CTRL}$, a unified approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Mohammad Albinhassan , Pranava Madhyastha , Alessandra Russo

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) leverage aligned visual encoders to transform images into visual tokens, allowing them to be processed similarly to text by the backbone large language model (LLM). This unified input paradigm enables VLMs to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Bangzheng Li , Fei Wang , Wenxuan Zhou , Nan Xu , Ben Zhou , Sheng Zhang , Hoifung Poon , Muhao Chen

In recent years, compression of large language models (LLMs) has emerged as an important problem to enable language model deployment on resource-constrained devices, reduce computational costs, and mitigate the environmental footprint of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Sean I. Young

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in formal theorem proving, yet state-of-the-art performance often necessitates prohibitive test-time compute via massive roll-outs or extended context windows. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Guchan Li , Rui Tian , Hongning Wang

Large language model (LLM) based listwise reranking has emerged as the dominant paradigm for achieving state-of-the-art ranking effectiveness in information retrieval. However, its reliance on feeding full passage texts into the LLM…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Xiaojie Ke , Shuai Zhang , Liansheng Sun , Yongjin Wang , Hengjun Jiang , Xiangkun Liu , Cunxin Gu , Jian Xu , Guanjun Jiang

Lossless compression is essential for efficient data storage and transmission. Although learning-based lossless compressors achieve strong results, most of them are designed for a single modality, leading to redundant compressor deployments…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yan Zhao , Zhengxue Cheng , Junxuan Zhang , Dajiang Zhou , Qunshan Gu , Qi Wang , Li Song

Semantic maps are increasingly utilized in areas such as robotics, autonomous systems, and extended reality, motivating the investigation of efficient compression methods that preserve structured semantic information. This paper studies…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-30 Runyu Yang , Junqi Liao , Hyomin Choi , Fabien Racapé , Ivan V. Bajić

Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) process a large number of visual tokens, leading to significant computational costs and inefficiency. Instruction-related visual token compression demonstrates strong task relevance, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Lei Lei , Jie Gu , Xiaokang Ma , Chu Tang , Jingmin Chen , Tong Xu

Compute optimization using token reduction of LLM prompts is an emerging task in the fields of NLP and next generation, agentic AI. In this white paper, we introduce a novel (patent pending) text representation scheme and a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Chris Forrester , Octavia Sulea

In this paper, we propose Precision-Informed Semantic Modeling (PRISM), a structured topic modeling framework combining the benefits of rich representations captured by LLMs with the low cost and interpretability of latent semantic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Connor Douglas , Utkucan Balci , Joseph Aylett-Bullock

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) demonstrate impressive performance across diverse tasks, ranging from speech recognition to general audio understanding. However, their scalability is limited by the quadratic complexity of attention and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-27 Saurabhchand Bhati , Samuel Thomas , Hilde Kuehne , Rogerio Feris , James Glass

Learned image compression (LIC) techniques have achieved remarkable progress; however, effectively integrating high-level semantic information remains challenging. In this work, we present a \underline{S}emantic-\underline{E}nhanced…

Applications · Statistics 2025-04-03 Haisheng Fu , Jie Liang , Zhenman Fang , Jingning Han