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Generative adversarial networks (GANs) are highly effective unsupervised learning frameworks that can generate very sharp data, even for data such as images with complex, highly multimodal distributions. However GANs are known to be very…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-12-05 Sitao Xiang , Hao Li

Batch-Normalization (BN) layers have become fundamental components in the evermore complex deep neural network architectures. Such models require acceleration processes for deployment on edge devices. However, BN layers add computation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Edouard Yvinec , Arnaud Dapogny , Kevin Bailly

We show that the influence of a subset of the training samples can be removed -- or "forgotten" -- from the weights of a network trained on large-scale image classification tasks, and we provide strong computable bounds on the amount of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Aditya Golatkar , Alessandro Achille , Avinash Ravichandran , Marzia Polito , Stefano Soatto

We examine the role of memorization in deep learning, drawing connections to capacity, generalization, and adversarial robustness. While deep networks are capable of memorizing noise data, our results suggest that they tend to prioritize…

Language Models (LMs) are prone to memorizing parts of their data during training and unintentionally emitting them at generation time, raising concerns about privacy leakage and disclosure of intellectual property. While previous research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Stefan Arnold

With the rapid advancement of deep learning technology, pre-trained encoder models have demonstrated exceptional feature extraction capabilities, playing a pivotal role in the research and application of deep learning. However, their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Ruining Sun , Hongsheng Hu , Wei Luo , Zhaoxi Zhang , Yanjun Zhang , Haizhuan Yuan , Leo Yu Zhang

In the age of agentic AI, the growing deployment of multi-modal models (MMs) has introduced new attack vectors that can leak sensitive training data in MMs, causing privacy leakage. This paper investigates a black-box privacy attack, i.e.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 David Amebley , Sayanton Dibbo

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have revolutionized various domains with their exceptional performance across numerous applications. However, Model Inversion (MI) attacks, which disclose private information about the training dataset by abusing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Hao Fang , Yixiang Qiu , Hongyao Yu , Wenbo Yu , Jiawei Kong , Baoli Chong , Bin Chen , Xuan Wang , Shu-Tao Xia , Ke Xu

Batch normalization (BN) is central to modern deep networks, but its effect on the realized function during training remains less understood than its optimization benefits. We study training-time BN in continuous piecewise-affine (CPA)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xuan Qi , Yi Wei , Fanqi Yu , Furao Shen , Vittorio Murino , Cigdem Beyan

The use of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in highstakes AI-based applications has increased significantly in recent years, especially since the emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, despite their strong performance, LLMs…

While in-processing fairness approaches show promise in mitigating biased predictions, their potential impact on privacy leakage remains under-explored. We aim to address this gap by assessing the privacy risks of fairness-enhanced binary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Huan Tian , Guangsheng Zhang , Bo Liu , Tianqing Zhu , Ming Ding , Wanlei Zhou

Differentially private training algorithms provide protection against one of the most popular attacks in machine learning: the membership inference attack. However, these privacy algorithms incur a loss of the model's classification…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Jiaxiang Liu , Simon Oya , Florian Kerschbaum

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) are hard and time-consuming to train. Normalization is one of the effective solutions. Among previous normalization methods, Batch Normalization (BN) performs well at medium and large batch sizes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Xiao-Yun Zhou , Jiacheng Sun , Nanyang Ye , Xu Lan , Qijun Luo , Bo-Lin Lai , Pedro Esperanca , Guang-Zhong Yang , Zhenguo Li

Deep neural networks have become a staple in solving intricate problems, proving their mettle in a wide array of applications. However, their training process is often hampered by shifting activation distributions during backpropagation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Bilal Faye , Hanane Azzag , Mustapha Lebbah , Fangchen Fang

Bayesian neural network (BNN) allows for uncertainty quantification in prediction, offering an advantage over regular neural networks that has not been explored in the differential privacy (DP) framework. We fill this important gap by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Qiyiwen Zhang , Zhiqi Bu , Kan Chen , Qi Long

Utilization of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, especially Deep Neural Network (DNN) models, becomes a widely accepted standard in many domains more particularly IoT-based systems. DNN models reach impressive performances in several…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Raphaël Joud , Pierre-Alain Moellic , Rémi Bernhard , Jean-Baptiste Rigaud

In training neural networks, batch normalization has many benefits, not all of them entirely understood. But it also has some drawbacks. Foremost is arguably memory consumption, as computing the batch statistics requires all instances…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Benjamin Berger , Victor Uc Cetina

Machine Unlearning (MU) technology facilitates the removal of the influence of specific data instances from trained models on request. Despite rapid advancements in MU technology, its vulnerabilities are still underexplored, posing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Zhihao Sui , Liang Hu , Jian Cao , Dora D. Liu , Usman Naseem , Zhongyuan Lai , Qi Zhang

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and diffusion models have emerged as leading approaches for high-quality image synthesis. While both can be trained under differential privacy (DP) to protect sensitive data, their sensitivity to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Ilana Sebag , Jean-Yves Franceschi , Alain Rakotomamonjy , Alexandre Allauzen , Jamal Atif

Batch Normalization (BN) is extensively employed in various network architectures by performing standardization within mini-batches. A full understanding of the process has been a central target in the deep learning communities. Unlike…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-30 Lei Huang , Lei Zhao , Yi Zhou , Fan Zhu , Li Liu , Ling Shao
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