English
Related papers

Related papers: Treatment Effect Estimation with Differentiated Ne…

200 papers

This paper studies treatment effect models in which individuals are classified into unobserved groups based on heterogeneous treatment rules. Using a finite mixture approach, we propose a marginal treatment effect (MTE) framework in which…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-05-24 Tadao Hoshino , Takahide Yanagi

Causal effect estimation under networked interference is an important but challenging problem. Available parametric methods are limited in their model space, while previous semiparametric methods, e.g., leveraging neural networks to fit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Weilin Chen , Ruichu Cai , Zeqin Yang , Jie Qiao , Yuguang Yan , Zijian Li , Zhifeng Hao

Generalizing causal knowledge across diverse environments is challenging, especially when estimates from large-scale datasets must be applied to smaller or systematically different contexts, where external validity is critical. Model-based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-19 Seyda Betul Aydin , Holger Brandt

Experiments in online platforms frequently suffer from network interference, in which a treatment applied to a given unit affects outcomes for other units connected via the platform. This SUTVA violation biases naive approaches to…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Tianyi Peng , Naimeng Ye , Andrew Zheng

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are routinely used in molecular physics, social sciences, and economics to model many-body interactions in graph-like systems. However, GNNs are inherently local and can suffer from information flow bottlenecks.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-02-21 Alessandro Caruso , Jacopo Venturin , Lorenzo Giambagli , Edoardo Rolando , Frank Noé , Cecilia Clementi

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) show a significant impact on medical imaging. One significant problem with adopting DNNs for skin cancer classification is that the class frequencies in the existing datasets are imbalanced. This problem hinders…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-29 Ibrahim Saad Ali , Mamdouh Farouk Mohamed , Yousef Bassyouni Mahdy

Accurately estimating personalized treatment effects within a study site (e.g., a hospital) has been challenging due to limited sample size. Furthermore, privacy considerations and lack of resources prevent a site from leveraging…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-17 Xiaoqing Tan , Chung-Chou H. Chang , Ling Zhou , Lu Tang

Estimating individualized treatment effects (ITEs) from observational data is crucial for decision-making. In order to obtain unbiased ITE estimates, a common assumption is that all confounders are observed. However, in practice, it is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-07 Milan Kuzmanovic , Tobias Hatt , Stefan Feuerriegel

Despite impressive advancements in Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS), navigation in complex road conditions remains a challenging problem. There is considerable evidence that evaluating the subjective risk level of various decisions can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Shih-Yuan Yu , Arnav V. Malawade , Deepan Muthirayan , Pramod P. Khargonekar , Mohammad A. Al Faruque

Node importance estimation, a classical problem in network analysis, underpins various web applications. Previous methods either exploit intrinsic topological characteristics, e.g., graph centrality, or leverage additional information,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yankai Chen , Taotao Wang , Yixiang Fang , Yunyu Xiao

The recent contrastive learning methods, due to their effectiveness in representation learning, have been widely applied to modeling graph data. Random perturbation is widely used to build contrastive views for graph data, which however,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Yucheng Shi , Kaixiong Zhou , Ninghao Liu

Selecting causal inference models for estimating individualized treatment effects (ITE) from observational data presents a unique challenge since the counterfactual outcomes are never observed. The problem is challenged further in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Trent Kyono , Ioana Bica , Zhaozhi Qian , Mihaela van der Schaar

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) are a popular method from graph representation learning that have proved effective for tasks like node classification tasks. Although typical GCN models focus on classifying nodes within a static graph,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Yucai Fan , Yuhang Yao , Carlee Joe-Wong

The bulk of causal inference studies rule out the presence of interference between units. However, in many real-world scenarios, units are interconnected by social, physical, or virtual ties, and the effect of the treatment can spill from…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-03 Falco J. Bargagli-Stoffi , Costanza Tortù , Laura Forastiere

As powerful tools for representation learning on graphs, graph neural networks (GNNs) have played an important role in applications including social networks, recommendation systems, and online web services. However, GNNs have been shown to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Haoran Liu , Bokun Wang , Jianling Wang , Xiangjue Dong , Tianbao Yang , James Caverlee

Covariate adjustment is a ubiquitous method used to estimate the average treatment effect (ATE) from observational data. Assuming a known graphical structure of the data generating model, recent results give graphical criteria for optimal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-08 Alexander Mangulad Christgau , Anton Rask Lundborg , Niels Richard Hansen

Despite the numerous ways now available to quantify which parts or subsystems of a network are most important, there remains a lack of centrality measures that are related to the complexity of information flows and are derived directly from…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-05-09 Jeremy Kazimer , Manlio de Domenico , Peter J. Mucha , Dane Taylor

Individual treatment effect (ITE) estimation requires adjusting for the covariate shift between populations with different treatments, and deep representation learning has shown great promise in learning a balanced representation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Amirreza Kazemi , Martin Ester

Medical image segmentation is a critical task in healthcare applications, and U-Nets have demonstrated promising results. This work delves into the understudied aspect of receptive field (RF) size and its impact on the U-Net and Attention…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-25 Vincent Loos , Rohit Pardasani , Navchetan Awasthi

Recently, methods that represent data as a graph, such as graph neural networks (GNNs) have been successfully used to learn data representations and structures to solve classification and link prediction problems. The applications of such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Usman Mahmood , Zening Fu , Vince Calhoun , Sergey Plis