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Financial decision-making presents unique challenges for language models, demanding temporal reasoning, adaptive risk assessment, and responsiveness to dynamic events. While large language models (LLMs) show strong general reasoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Jiaxiang Chen , Mingxi Zou , Zhuo Wang , Qifan Wang , Dongning Sun , Chi Zhang , Zenglin Xu

LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) have emerged as an effective paradigm for complex and long-horizon tasks. However, in real-world tasks, MAS often exhibit various failures during execution and such failures are difficult to eliminate…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Zhezheng Hao , Tianfu Wang , Huanshuo Dong , Ziyan Liu , Hong Wang , Xiankun Lin , Qiang Lin , Can Wang , Hande Dong , Jiawei Chen

Language model (LM) agents have demonstrated significant potential for automating real-world tasks, yet they pose a diverse array of potential, severe risks in safety-critical scenarios. In this work, we identify a significant gap between…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Yuzhi Tang , Tianxiao Li , Elizabeth Li , Chris J. Maddison , Honghua Dong , Yangjun Ruan

TThis paper argues that \textbf{a comprehensive vulnerability analysis is essential for building trustworthy Large Language Model-based Multi-Agent Systems (LLM-MAS)}. These systems, which consist of multiple LLM-powered agents working…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Pengfei He , Yue Xing , Juanhui Li , Shen Dong , Zhenwei Dai , Xianfeng Tang , Hui Liu , Han Xu , Zhen Xiang , Charu C. Aggarwal , Hui Liu

AI agents, empowered by Large Language Models (LLMs) and communication protocols such as MCP and A2A, have rapidly evolved from simple chatbots to autonomous entities capable of executing complex, multi-step tasks, demonstrating great…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Erhu Feng , Wenbo Zhou , Zibin Liu , Le Chen , Yunpeng Dong , Cheng Zhang , Yisheng Zhao , Dong Du , Zhichao Hua , Yubin Xia , Haibo Chen

As agent systems powered by large language models (LLMs) advance, improving performance in context understanding, tool usage, and long-horizon execution has become critical. However, existing agent frameworks and benchmarks provide limited…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Defei Xia , Bingfeng Pi , Shenbin Zhang , Song Hua , Yunfei Wei , Lei Zuo

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable capabilities across diverse open-domain tasks, yet their application in specialized domains such as civil engineering remains largely unexplored. This paper starts bridging this gap by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jiachen Liu , Ziheng Geng , Ran Cao , Lu Cheng , Paolo Bocchini , Minghui Cheng

Large Language Model-based Multi-Agent Systems (LLM-MAS) have demonstrated strong capabilities in solving complex tasks but remain vulnerable when agents receive unreliable messages. This vulnerability stems from a fundamental gap: LLM…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Pengfei He , Zhenwei Dai , Xianfeng Tang , Yue Xing , Hui Liu , Jingying Zeng , Qiankun Peng , Shrivats Agrawal , Samarth Varshney , Suhang Wang , Jiliang Tang , Qi He

Can generative agents be trusted in multimodal environments? Despite advances in large language and vision-language models that enable agents to act autonomously and pursue goals in rich settings, their ability to reason about safety,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Alhim Vera , Karen Sanchez , Carlos Hinojosa , Haidar Bin Hamid , Donghoon Kim , Bernard Ghanem

Large language models are increasingly deployed in multi-agent systems to overcome context limitations by distributing information across agents. Yet whether agents can reliably compute with distributed information, rather than merely…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yuzhe Zhang , Feiran Liu , Yi Shan , Xinyi Huang , Xin Yang , Yueqi Zhu , Xuxin Cheng , Cao Liu , Ke Zeng , Terry Jingchen Zhang , Wenyuan Jiang

Trust has been identified as a central factor for effective human-robot teaming. Existing literature on trust modeling predominantly focuses on dyadic human-autonomy teams where one human agent interacts with one robot. There is little, if…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-01-27 Yaohui Guo , X. Jessie Yang , Cong Shi

Testing conversational AI systems at scale across diverse domains necessitates realistic and diverse user interactions capturing a wide array of behavioral patterns. We present a novel multi-agent framework for realistic, explainable human…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Hareeshwar Karthikeyan

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in agentic systems, where their interactions with diverse tools and environments create complex, multi-stage safety challenges. However, existing benchmarks mostly rely on static,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Liming Lu , Xiang Gu , Junyu Huang , Jiawei Du , Xu Zheng , Yunhuai Liu , Yongbin Zhou , Shuchao Pang

Large-language-model (LLM) agents exhibit complex, context-sensitive behaviour that quickly renders static benchmarks and ad-hoc manual testing obsolete. We present Neo, a configurable, multi-agent framework that automates realistic,…

We study how runtime enforcement against unsafe actions affects end-to-end task performance in multi-step tool using large language model (LLM) agents. Using tau-bench across Airline and Retail domains, we compare baseline Tool-Calling,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Tanmay Sah , Vishal Srivastava , Dolly Sah , Kayden Jordan

The widespread deployment of LLM-based agents is likely to introduce a critical privacy threat: malicious agents that proactively engage others in multi-turn interactions to extract sensitive information. However, the evolving nature of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yanzhe Zhang , Diyi Yang

Trust has been identified as a central factor for effective human-robot teaming. Existing literature on trust modeling predominantly focuses on dyadic human-autonomy teams where one human agent interacts with one robot. There is little, if…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Yaohui Guo , X. Jessie Yang , Cong Shi

Multi-agent systems powered by large language models are advancing rapidly, yet the tension between mutual trust and security remains underexplored. We introduce and empirically validate the Trust-Vulnerability Paradox (TVP): increasing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Zijie Xu , Minfeng Qi , Shiqing Wu , Lefeng Zhang , Qiwen Wei , Han He , Ningran Li

Agent skills - structured packages of instructions, scripts, and references that augment a large language model (LLM) without modifying the model itself - have moved from convenience to first-class deployment artifact. The runtime that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Alfredo Metere

Modeling subrational agents, such as humans or economic households, is inherently challenging due to the difficulty in calibrating reinforcement learning models or collecting data that involves human subjects. Existing work highlights the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Andrea Coletta , Kshama Dwarakanath , Penghang Liu , Svitlana Vyetrenko , Tucker Balch