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Deploying LLM-powered agents in enterprise scenarios such as cloud technical support demands high-quality, domain-specific skills. However, existing skill creators lack domain grounding, producing skills poorly aligned with real-world task…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Xingyan Liu , Xiyue Luo , Linyu Li , Ganghong Huang , Jianfeng Liu , Honglin Qiao

Skill libraries enable large language model agents to reuse experience from past interactions, but most existing libraries store skills as isolated entries and retrieve them only by semantic similarity. This leads to two key challenges for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xiaoyuan Li , Moxin Li , Keqin Bao , Yubo Ma , Wenjie Wang , Dayiheng Liu , Fuli Feng

Dynamic Data selection aims to accelerate training by prioritizing informative samples during online training. However, existing methods typically rely on task-specific handcrafted metrics or static/snapshot-based criteria to estimate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Suorong Yang , Fangjian Su , Hai Gan , Ziqi Ye , Jie Li , Baile Xu , Furao Shen , Soujanya Poria

We present AccelOpt, a self-improving large language model (LLM) agentic system that autonomously optimizes kernels for emerging AI acclerators, eliminating the need for expert-provided hardware-specific optimization knowledge. AccelOpt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Genghan Zhang , Shaowei Zhu , Anjiang Wei , Zhenyu Song , Allen Nie , Zhen Jia , Nandita Vijaykumar , Yida Wang , Kunle Olukotun

Automated code optimization aims to improve performance in programs by refactoring code, and recent studies focus on utilizing LLMs for the optimization. Typical existing approaches mine optimization commits from open-source codebases to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yuwei Zhao , Yuan-An Xiao , Qianyu Xiao , Zhao Zhang , Yingfei Xiong

Markdown skill libraries for LLM agents ship as free-form prose, forcing the agent to re-derive both the input schema and the concrete invocation syntax on every retrieval. We observe that this often produces a "confused -> re-retrieve ->…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Xinze Li , Yuhang Zang , Yixin Cao , Aixin Sun

Skills, i.e., structured workflow instructions distilled for large language models (LLMs), are becoming an increasingly important mechanism for improving agent performance on real-world downstream tasks. However, as the open-source skill…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jiahao Ying , Boxian Ai , Wei Tang , Siyuan Liu , Yixin Cao

The rapid proliferation of Claude agent skills has raised the central question of how to effectively leverage, manage, and scale the agent skill ecosystem. In this paper, we propose AgentSkillOS, the first principled framework for skill…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Hao Li , Chunjiang Mu , Jianhao Chen , Siyue Ren , Zhiyao Cui , Yiqun Zhang , Lei Bai , Shuyue Hu

As the capability frontier of autonomous agents continues to expand, they are increasingly able to complete specialized tasks through plug-and-play external skills. Yet current benchmarks mostly test whether models can use provided skills,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ziao Zhang , Kou Shi , Shiting Huang , Avery Nie , Yu Zeng , Yiming Zhao , Zhen Fang , Qishen Su , Haibo Qiu , Wei Yang , Qingnan Ren , Shun Zou , Wenxuan Huang , Lin Chen , Zehui Chen , Feng Zhao

Large Language Model (LLM) agents are increasingly deployed in environments that generate massive, dynamic contexts. However, a critical bottleneck remains: while agents have access to this context, their static prompts lack the mechanisms…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Zehua Pei , Hui-Ling Zhen , Shixiong Kai , Sinno Jialin Pan , Yunhe Wang , Mingxuan Yuan , Bei Yu

Skills are a promising way to improve LLM agent capabilities without retraining, while keeping the added procedure reusable and controllable. However, high-quality skills are still largely written by hand. We introduce SkillGen, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yuchen Ma , Yue Huang , Han Bao , Haomin Zhuang , Swadheen Shukla , Michel Galley , Xiangliang Zhang , Stefan Feuerriegel

LLM agents acting in structured environments fail in operational rather than conversational ways, and reliability depends on procedural knowledge of the environment. Prior self-improvement methods accumulate natural-language guidance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Johannes Moll , Jean-Philippe Corbeil , Jiazhen Pan , Martin Hadamitzky , Daniel Rueckert , Lisa Adams , Keno Bressem

Large language models (LLMs) have recently been used for sequential decision making in interactive environments. However, leveraging environment reward signals for continual LLM actor improvement is not straightforward. We propose Skill Set…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Kolby Nottingham , Bodhisattwa Prasad Majumder , Bhavana Dalvi Mishra , Sameer Singh , Peter Clark , Roy Fox

Equipping large language models with explicit skills has emerged as a promising paradigm for enabling autonomous agents to solve complex tasks. Agent skills can be inherently divided into general skills for broad cognitive transfer and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jiapeng Zhu , Jianxiang Yu , Yibo Zhao , Chengcheng Han , Qi Gu , Xunliang Cai , Xiang Li , Weining Qian

Real-world tool-using agents operate over long-horizon workflows with recurring structure and diverse demands, where effective behavior requires not only invoking atomic tools but also abstracting, and reusing higher-level tool…

As artificial intelligence engineering paradigms shift from single-agent Prompt and Context Engineering toward multi-agent \textbf{Coordination Engineering}, the ability to codify and systematically improve how multiple agents collaborate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Xinyu Zhang , Zhicheng Dou , Deyang Li , Jianjun Tao , Shuo Cheng , Ruifeng Shi , Fangchao Liu , Enrui Hu , Yangkai Ding , Hongbo Wang , Qi Ye , Xuefeng Jin , Zhangchun Zhao

Anthropic proposes the concept of skills for LLM agents to tackle multi-step professional tasks that simple tool invocations cannot address. A tool is a single, self-contained function, whereas a skill is a structured bundle of…

The remarkable success of diffusion and flow-matching models has ignited a surge of works on adapting them at test time for controlled generation tasks. Examples range from image editing to restoration, compression and personalization.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Or Ronai , Vladimir Kulikov , Tomer Michaeli

LLM-based agent systems increasingly rely on agent skills sourced from open registries to extend their capabilities, yet the openness of such ecosystems makes skills difficult to thoroughly vet. Existing attacks rely on injecting malicious…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Zenghao Duan , Yuxin Tian , Zhiyi Yin , Liang Pang , Jingcheng Deng , Zihao Wei , Shicheng Xu , Yuyao Ge , Xueqi Cheng

We introduce Skills-Coach, a novel automated framework designed to significantly enhance the self-evolution of skills within Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents. Addressing the current fragmentation of the skill ecosystem, Skills-Coach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yu Tian , Jiawei Chen , Lifan Zheng , Mingxiang Tao , Xinyi Zeng , Zhaoxia Yin , Hang Su , Xian Sun