Related papers: Benchmarking Google Embeddings 2 against Open-Sour…

BERT-based information retrieval models are expensive, in both time (query latency) and computational resources (energy, hardware cost), making many of these models impractical especially under resource constraints. The reliance on a query…

As a type of prominent studies in deep learning, generative models have been widely investigated in research recently. Two research branches of the deep learning models, the Generative Networks (GANs, VAE) and the Semantic Segmentation,…

With hundreds of multilingual embedding models available, practitioners lack clear guidance on which provide genuine cross-lingual semantic alignment versus task performance through language-specific patterns. Task-driven benchmarks (MTEB)…

Existing neural information retrieval (IR) models have often been studied in homogeneous and narrow settings, which has considerably limited insights into their out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization capabilities. To address this, and to…

Real-world applications of neural language models often involve running many different models over the same corpus. The high computational cost of these runs has led to interest in techniques that can reuse the contextualized embeddings…

Contextualized embeddings based on large language models (LLMs) are available for various languages, but their coverage is often limited for lower resourced languages. Using LLMs for such languages is often difficult due to a high…

A common retrieve-and-rerank paradigm involves retrieving relevant candidates from a broad set using a fast bi-encoder (BE), followed by applying expensive but accurate cross-encoders (CE) to a limited candidate set. However, relying on…

We develop a two-stage retrieval system that combines multiple complementary retrieval methods with a learned reranker and LLM-based reranking, to address the TREC Tip-of-the-Tongue (ToT) task. In the first stage, we employ hybrid retrieval…

In this work, we present a comprehensive exploration of finetuning Malaysian language models, specifically Llama2 and Mistral, on embedding tasks involving negative and positive pairs. We release two distinct models tailored for Semantic…

We introduce RusBEIR, a comprehensive benchmark designed for zero-shot evaluation of information retrieval (IR) models in the Russian language. Comprising 17 datasets from various domains, it integrates adapted, translated, and newly…

In this paper, we show that high-performing embedding models organize their embedding spaces in a consistent way. We evaluate 25 contemporary embedding models on five MTEB tasks spanning four diverse task categories (retrieval, bitext…

Word embedding algorithms produce very reliable feature representations of words that are used by neural network models across a constantly growing multitude of NLP tasks. As such, it is imperative for NLP practitioners to understand how…

Social-educational robots designed for socially interactive pedagogical support, such as the Robot Study Companion (RSC), rely on responsive, privacy-preserving interaction despite severely limited compute. However, there is a gap in…

We present DeepSeek-Coder-V2, an open-source Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) code language model that achieves performance comparable to GPT4-Turbo in code-specific tasks. Specifically, DeepSeek-Coder-V2 is further pre-trained from an intermediate…

Given its effectiveness on knowledge-intensive natural language processing tasks, dense retrieval models have become increasingly popular. Specifically, the de-facto architecture for open-domain question answering uses two isomorphic…

Rapid advances in GPU hardware and multiple areas of Deep Learning open up a new opportunity for billion-scale information retrieval with exhaustive search. Building on top of the powerful concept of semantic learning, this paper proposes a…

Massively multilingual sentence representation models, e.g., LASER, SBERT-distill, and LaBSE, help significantly improve cross-lingual downstream tasks. However, the use of a large amount of data or inefficient model architectures results…

As large language models (LLMs) achieve strong performance on traditional benchmarks, there is an urgent need for more challenging evaluation frameworks that probe deeper aspects of semantic understanding. We introduce SAGE (Semantic…

Cross-Encoder (CE) and Dual-Encoder (DE) models are two fundamental approaches for query-document relevance in information retrieval. To predict relevance, CE models use joint query-document embeddings, while DE models maintain factorized…

We introduce Legal RAG Bench, a benchmark and evaluation methodology for assessing the end-to-end performance of legal RAG systems. As a benchmark, Legal RAG Bench consists of 4,876 passages from the Victorian Criminal Charge Book alongside…