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Electrocardiogram (ECG) is the electrical measurement of cardiac activity, whereas Photoplethysmogram (PPG) is the optical measurement of volumetric changes in blood circulation. While both signals are used for heart rate monitoring, from a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Pritam Sarkar , Ali Etemad

Deep learning approaches for heart-sound (PCG) segmentation built on time-frequency features can be accurate but often rely on large expert-labeled datasets, limiting robustness and deployment. We present TopSeg, a topological…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Peihong Zhang , Zhixin Li , Yuxuan Liu , Rui Sang , Yiqiang Cai , Yizhou Tan , Shengchen Li

Hypertension (HPT) refers to a condition where the pressure exerted on the walls of arteries by blood pumped from the heart to the body reaches levels that can lead to various ailments. Annually, a significant number of lives are lost…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-08 Yunus Emre Erdoğan , Ali Narin , Walid Hariri

Intricating cardiac complexities are the primary factor associated with healthcare costs and the highest cause of death rate in the world. However, preventive measures like the early detection of cardiac anomalies can prevent severe…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Asim Darwaish , Farid Naït-Abdesselam , Ashfaq Khokhar

Photoplethysmography (PPG)-based blood pressure (BP) estimation represents a promising alternative to cuff-based BP measurements. Recently, an increasing number of deep learning models have been proposed to infer BP from the raw PPG…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Mohammad Moulaeifard , Peter H. Charlton , Nils Strodthoff

Electrocardiogram (ECG), a non-invasive and affordable tool for cardiac monitoring, is highly sensitive in detecting acute heart attacks. However, due to the lengthy nature of ECG recordings, numerous machine learning methods have been…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-04 Yue Wang , Xu Cao , Yaojun Hu , Haochao Ying , Hongxia Xu , Ruijia Wu , James Matthew Rehg , Jimeng Sun , Jian Wu , Jintai Chen

Background: Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a non-invasive optical sensing technique widely used to capture hemodynamic information, with broad deployment in both clinical monitoring systems and wearable devices. In recent years, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Guangkun Nie , Jiabao Zhu , Gongzheng Tang , Deyun Zhang , Shijia Geng , Qinghao Zhao , Shenda Hong

An important paradigm in smart health is developing diagnosis tools and monitoring a patient's heart activity through processing Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals is a key example, sue to high mortality rate of heart-related disease. However,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-02 Jiaming Chen , Ali Valehi , Abolfazl Razi

R-peak detection is crucial in electrocardiogram (ECG) signal processing as it is the basis of heart rate variability analysis. The Pan-Tompkins algorithm is the most widely used QRS complex detector for the monitoring of many cardiac…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-11 Naimul Khan , Md Niaz Imtiaz

This research presents a novel method for noninvasive arterial blood pressure ABP prediction using speech signals employing a BERT based regression model Arterial blood pressure is a vital indicator of cardiovascular health and accurate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Kainat

The traditional method of diagnosing heart disease on ECG signal is artificial observation. Some have tried to combine expertise and signal processing to classify ECG signal by heart disease type. However, the currency is not so sufficient…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-29 Jie Zhang , Bohao Li , Kexin Xiang , Xuegang Shi

Accurate and generalizable blood pressure (BP) estimation is vital for the early detection and management of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we enforce subject-level data splitting on a public multi-wavelength photoplethysmography…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-12 Zequan Liang , Ruoyu Zhang , Wei Shao , Mahdi Pirayesh Shirazi Nejad , Ehsan Kourkchi , Setareh Rafatirad , Houman Homayoun

Tissue tracking in echocardiography is challenging due to the complex cardiac motion and the inherent nature of ultrasound acquisitions. Although optical flow methods are considered state-of-the-art (SOTA), they struggle with long-range…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Md Abulkalam Azad , Artem Chernyshov , John Nyberg , Ingrid Tveten , Lasse Lovstakken , Håvard Dalen , Bjørnar Grenne , Andreas Østvik

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) imaging is a vital non-invasive tool for diagnosing heart diseases and evaluating cardiac health. However, the limited availability of large-scale, high-quality CMR datasets poses a major challenge to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Ziyu Li , Yujian Hu , Zhengyao Ding , Yiheng Mao , Haitao Li , Fan Yi , Hongkun Zhang , Zhengxing Huang

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of birth defect, impacting about 1% of live births worldwide. Echocardiography, the gold-standard diagnostic method, is costly and inaccessible in low-resource settings. Diagnosis is…

Remote photo-plethysmography (rPPG) uses a camera to estimate a person's heart rate (HR). Similar to how heart rate can provide useful information about a person's vital signs, insights about the underlying physio/psychological conditions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Amogh Gudi , Marian Bittner , Jan van Gemert

Millimeter-wave Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar enables contactless cardiac monitoring, but heartbeat estimation becomes challenging when respiration and random body motion (RBM) distort the radar signal. In this paper, we…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-28 Matteo Pardi , Amir Hosein Oveis , Saba Kharabadze , Ajeet Kumar

Laboratory value represents a cornerstone of medical diagnostics, but suffers from slow turnaround times, and high costs and only provides information about a single point in time. The continuous estimation of laboratory values from…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-21 Juan Miguel Lopez Alcaraz , Nils Strodthoff

Heart sound auscultation holds significant importance in the diagnosis of congenital heart disease. However, existing methods for Heart Sound Diagnosis (HSD) tasks are predominantly limited to a few fixed categories, framing the HSD task as…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Zihan Zhao , Pingjie Wang , Liudan Zhao , Yuchen Yang , Ya Zhang , Kun Sun , Xin Sun , Xin Zhou , Yu Wang , Yanfeng Wang

Electrocardiogram~(ECG), a key bioelectrical time-series signal, is crucial for assessing cardiac health and diagnosing various diseases. Given its time-series format, ECG data is often incorporated into pre-training datasets for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-26 Zhijiang Tang , Jiaxin Qi , Yuhua Zheng , Jianqiang Huang