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Deep neural networks often exhibit substantial disparities in class-wise accuracy, even when trained on class-balanced data, posing concerns for reliable deployment. While prior efforts have explored empirical remedies, a theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Beier Zhu , Kesen Zhao , Jiequan Cui , Qianru Sun , Yuan Zhou , Xun Yang , Hanwang Zhang

The Federated Learning setting has a central server coordinating the training of a model on a network of devices. One of the challenges is variable training performance when the dataset has a class imbalance. In this paper, we address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Dipankar Sarkar , Ankur Narang , Sumit Rai

In many classification settings, the class of primary interest is underrepresented, leading to imbalanced data problems that arise in applications such as rare disease detection and fraud identification. In these contexts, identifying a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-06 Daniel Fraiman , Ricardo Fraiman

Multi-label classification poses challenges due to imbalanced and noisy labels in training data. We propose a unified data augmentation method, named BalanceMix, to address these challenges. Our approach includes two samplers for imbalanced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Hwanjun Song , Minseok Kim , Jae-Gil Lee

Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy characterized by structural damage to the optic nerve head and functional changes in the visual field. Detecting glaucoma early is crucial to preventing loss of eyesight. However, medical datasets…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-09 Youssof Nawar , Nouran Soliman , Moustafa Wassel , Mohamed ElHabebe , Noha Adly , Marwan Torki , Ahmed Elmassry , Islam Ahmed

Federated learning aims to learn a global model collaboratively while the training data belongs to different clients and is not allowed to be exchanged. However, the statistical heterogeneity challenge on non-IID data, such as class…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Yunheng Shen , Haoxiang Wang , Hairong Lv

Understanding and managing uncertainty is crucial in machine learning, especially in high-stakes domains like healthcare, where class imbalance can impact predictions. This paper introduces RIGA, a novel pipeline that mitigates class…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Mahdi Arab Loodaricheh , Neh Majmudar , Anita Raja , Ansaf Salleb-Aouissi

This study proposes an innovative multimodal fusion model based on a teacher-student architecture to enhance the accuracy of depression classification. Our designed model addresses the limitations of traditional methods in feature fusion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Lindy Gan , Yifan Huang , Xiaoyang Gao , Jiaming Tan , Fujun Zhao , Tao Yang

Machine learning (ML) models have difficulty generalizing when the number of training class instances are numerically imbalanced. The problem of generalization in the face of data imbalance has largely been attributed to the lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Damien A. Dablain , Nitesh V. Chawla

The hybrid clustering-classification neural network is proposed. This network allows increasing a quality of information processing under the condition of overlapping classes due to the rational choice of a learning rate parameter and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-10-26 Yevgeniy Bodyanskiy , Olena Vynokurova , Volodymyr Savvo , Tatiana Tverdokhlib , Pavlo Mulesa

Class imbalance remains a major challenge in machine learning, especially in multi-class problems with long-tailed distributions. Existing methods, such as data resampling, cost-sensitive techniques, and logistic loss modifications, though…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Corinna Cortes , Anqi Mao , Mehryar Mohri , Yutao Zhong

Medical automatic diagnosis aims to imitate human doctors in real-world diagnostic processes and to achieve accurate diagnoses by interacting with the patients. The task is formulated as a sequential decision-making problem with a series of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Hongyi Yuan , Sheng Yu

Data augmentation is a valuable tool for the design of deep learning systems to overcome data limitations and stabilize the training process. Especially in the medical domain, where the collection of large-scale data sets is challenging and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Mane Margaryan , Matthias Seibold , Indu Joshi , Mazda Farshad , Philipp Fürnstahl , Nassir Navab

Deep learning-based medical image segmentation is increasingly used to support clinical diagnosis and develop new treatment strategies. However, model performance remains limited by the scarcity of high-quality annotated data and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Nathan Molinier , Hendrik Möller , Thomas Dagonneau , Anna Curto-Vilalta , Robert Graf , Matan Atad , Daniel Rueckert , Jan S. Kirschke , Julien Cohen-Adad

Modern machine learning suffers from catastrophic forgetting when learning new classes incrementally. The performance dramatically degrades due to the missing data of old classes. Incremental learning methods have been proposed to retain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Yue Wu , Yinpeng Chen , Lijuan Wang , Yuancheng Ye , Zicheng Liu , Yandong Guo , Yun Fu

Trustworthy deployment of deep learning medical imaging models into real-world clinical practice requires that they be calibrated. However, models that are well calibrated overall can still be poorly calibrated for a sub-population,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-21 Changjian Shui , Justin Szeto , Raghav Mehta , Douglas L. Arnold , Tal Arbel

Precise breast cancer classification on histopathological images has the potential to greatly improve the diagnosis and patient outcome in oncology. The data imbalance problem largely stems from the inherent imbalance within medical image…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-28 Majid Behzadpour , Bengie L. Ortiz , Ebrahim Azizi , Kai Wu

The classification of clinical notes into specific diagnostic categories is critical in healthcare, especially for mental health conditions like Anxiety and Adjustment Disorder. In this study, we compare the performance of various…

Federated Learning (FL) aims at unburdening the training of deep models by distributing computation across multiple devices (clients) while safeguarding data privacy. On top of that, Federated Continual Learning (FCL) also accounts for data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Riccardo Salami , Pietro Buzzega , Matteo Mosconi , Mattia Verasani , Simone Calderara

Class-incremental learning (CIL) is typically evaluated under predefined schedules with equal-sized tasks, leaving more realistic and complex cases unexplored. However, a practical CIL system should learns immediately when any number of new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Zhiming Xu , Baile Xu , Jian Zhao , Furao Shen , Suorong Yang