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Evolutionary game theory has provided substantial contributions to explain the emergence of cooperation under unfavourable conditions in ecology, economics, and the social sciences. Recently, inspired by newly available empirical evidence…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-04-09 Jaume Llabrés , Onkar Sadekar , Federico Malizia , Federico Battiston

While network science has become an indispensable tool for studying complex systems, the conventional use of pairwise links often shows limitations in describing high-order interactions properly. Hypergraphs, where each edge can connect…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-12-20 Zhao Li , Jing Zhang , Jiqiang Zhang , Guozhong Zheng , Weiran Cai , Li Chen

Resource allocation and scheduling are a common problem in various distributed systems. Although widely studied, the state-of-the-art solutions either do not scale or lack the expressive power to capture the most complex instances of the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Rajpreet Singh , Novak Boškov , Aditya Gudal , Manzoor A. Khan

People organize in groups and contagions spread across them. A simple process, but complex to model due to dynamical correlations within groups and between groups. Groups can also change as agents join and leave them to avoid infection. To…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-07-24 Giulio Burgio , Guillaume St-Onge , Laurent Hébert-Dufresne

Evolutionary graph theory is a well established framework for modelling the evolution of social behaviours in structured populations. An emerging consensus in this field is that graphs that exhibit heterogeneity in the number of connections…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-11-20 Wes Maciejewski , Feng Fu , Christoph Hauert

Hypergraphs are generalisation of graphs in which a hyperedge can connect any number of vertices. It can describe n-ary relationships and high-order information among entities compared to conventional graphs. In this paper, we study the…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Zhengyi Yang , Wenjie Zhang , Xuemin Lin , Ying Zhang , Shunyang Li

This paper introduces a novel hypergraph classification algorithm. The use of hypergraphs in this framework has been widely studied. In previous work, hypergraph models are typically constructed using distance or attribute based methods.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Samuel Barton , Adelle Coster , Diane Donovan , James Lefevre

Dynamic graphs are rife with higher-order interactions, such as co-authorship relationships and protein-protein interactions in biological networks, that naturally arise between more than two nodes at once. In spite of the ubiquitous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Manohar Kaul , Masaaki Imaizumi

Population structure can have a significant effect on evolution. For some systems with sufficient symmetry, analytic results can be derived within the mathematical framework of evolutionary graph theory which relate to the outcome of the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-03-11 Christopher E. Overton , Mark Broom , Christoforos Hadjichrysanthou , Kieran J. Sharkey

Hypergraphs provide a fundamental framework for representing complex systems involving interactions among three or more entities. As empirical hypergraphs grow in size, characterizing their structural properties becomes increasingly…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Kazuki Nakajima , Masanao Kodakari , Masaki Aida

Many complex systems involve interactions between more than two agents. Hypergraphs capture these higher-order interactions through hyperedges that may link more than two nodes. We consider the problem of embedding a hypergraph into…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Xue Gong , Desmond J. Higham , Konstantinos Zygalakis

Hypergraphs are widely adopted tools to examine systems with higher-order interactions. Despite recent advancements in methods for community detection in these systems, we still lack a theoretical analysis of their detectability limits.…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Nicolò Ruggeri , Alessandro Lonardi , Caterina De Bacco

We demonstrate that graph-based models are fully capable of representing higher-order interactions, and have a long history of being used for precisely this purpose. This stands in contrast to a common claim in the recent literature on…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-02-20 Tiago P. Peixoto , Leto Peel , Thilo Gross , Manlio De Domenico

Complex systems frequently exhibit multi-way, rather than pairwise, interactions. These group interactions cannot be faithfully modeled as collections of pairwise interactions using graphs and instead require hypergraphs. However, methods…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Jason Niu , Ilya D. Amburg , Sinan G. Aksoy , Ahmet Erdem Sarıyüce

Interactions between people are the basis on which the structure of our society arises as a complex system and, at the same time, are the starting point of any physical description of it. In the last few years, much theoretical research has…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-12-06 Mattia Mazzoli , Angel Sanchez

Higher-order networks, naturally described as hypergraphs, are essential for modeling real-world systems involving interactions among three or more entities. Stochastic block models offer a principled framework for characterizing mesoscale…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Kazuki Nakajima , Yuya Sasaki , Takeaki Uno , Masaki Aida

We propose a generative model of temporally-evolving hypergraphs in which hyperedges form via noisy copying of previous hyperedges. Our proposed model reproduces several stylized facts from many empirical hypergraphs, is learnable from…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Xie He , Philip S. Chodrow , Peter J. Mucha

Extending community detection from pairwise networks to hypergraphs introduces fundamental theoretical challenges. Hypergraphs exhibit structural heterogeneity with no direct graph analogue: hyperedges of varying orders can connect nodes…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Jiaze Li , Michael T. Schaub , Leto Peel

Recent studies have shown that novel collective behaviors emerge in complex systems due to the presence of higher-order interactions. However, how the collective behavior of a system is influenced by the microscopic organization of its…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-07-01 Federico Malizia , Santiago Lamata-Otín , Mattia Frasca , Vito Latora , Jesús Gómez-Gardeñes

We introduce the Hyperedge-triggered Hawkes (HTH) process for inferring higher-order interaction structure in multi-cellular systems from asynchronous event-time data. Beyond standard pairwise excitation, the HTH intensity includes a term…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-27 Zihan Xu