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We consider communication over memoryless channels using low-density parity-check code ensembles above the iterative (belief propagation) threshold. What is the computational complexity of decoding (i.e., of reconstructing all the typical…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Cyril Measson , Andrea Montanari , Tom Richardson , Rudiger Urbanke

To make practical quantum algorithms work, large-scale quantum processors protected by error-correcting codes are required to resist noise and ensure reliable computational outcomes. However, a major challenge arises from defects in…

Minimum Bayes risk (MBR) decoding generates high-quality translations by maximizing the expected utility of output candidates, but it evaluates all pairwise scores over the candidate set; hence, it takes quadratic time with respect to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Koki Natsumi , Hiroyuki Deguchi , Yusuke Sakai , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Taro Watanabe

Mission critical Machine-type Communication, also referred to as Ultra-reliable Low Latency Communication is primarily characterized by communication that provides ultra-high reliability and very low latency to concurrently transmit short…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Najib Ahmed Mohammed , Ali Mohammed Mansoor , Rodina Binti Ahmad , Saaidal Razalli Bin Azzuhri

Maximum a posteriori decoding, a commonly used method for neural machine translation (NMT), aims to maximize the estimated posterior probability. However, high estimated probability does not always lead to high translation quality. Minimum…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Boxuan Lyu , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Kotaro Funakoshi , Manabu Okumura

Weighted belief propagation (WBP) for the decoding of linear block codes is considered. In WBP, the Tanner graph of the code is unrolled with respect to the iterations of the belief propagation decoder. Then, weights are assigned to the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Alireza Tasdighi , Mansoor Yousefi

In this paper we study the iterative decoding threshold performance of non-binary spatially-coupled low-density parity-check (NB-SC-LDPC) code ensembles for both the binary erasure channel (BEC) and the binary-input additive white Gaussian…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Lai Wei , Toshiaki Koike-Akino , David G. M. Mitchell , Thomas E. Fuja , Daniel J. Costello

Surface codes reach high error thresholds when decoded with known algorithms, but the decoding time will likely exceed the available time budget, especially for near-term implementations. To decrease the decoding time, we reduce the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-07 Savvas Varsamopoulos , Ben Criger , Koen Bertels

A framework for linear-programming (LP) decoding of nonbinary linear codes over rings is developed. This framework facilitates linear-programming based reception for coded modulation systems which use direct modulation mapping of coded…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Mark F. Flanagan , Vitaly Skachek , Eimear Byrne , Marcus Greferath

In contrast to a maximum-likelihood decoder, it is often desirable to use an incomplete decoder that can detect its decoding errors with high probability. One common choice is the bounded distance decoder. Bounds are derived for the total…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-07-26 Kenneth Andrews , Sam Dolinar

Minimum Bayes Risk (MBR) decoding can significantly improve translation performance of Multilingual Large Language Models (MLLMs). However, MBR decoding is computationally expensive. We show how the recently developed Reinforcement Learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Guangyu Yang , Jinghong Chen , Weizhe Lin , Bill Byrne

This paper introduces a new coding algorithm for Framed Pulse Width Modulation (FPWM). The proposed algorithm requires 93% fewer look-up tables (LUTs) than the previous FPWM coding algorithm and increases a bitrate by 25%. The proposed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-02 Soon-Won Kwon , Hyeon-Min Bae

We study relationships between worst-case and random-noise properties of error correcting codes. More concretely, we consider connections between minimum distance, list decoding radius, and block error probability on noisy channels. A…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Donald Kougang-Yombi , Jan Hązła

Product codes (PCs) protect a two-dimensional array of bits using short component codes. Assuming transmission over the binary symmetric channel, the decoding is commonly performed by iteratively applying bounded-distance decoding to the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-22 Christian Häger , Henry D. Pfister

We consider a decoder with an erasure option and a variable size list decoder for channels with non-casual side information at the transmitter. First, universally achievable error exponents are offered for decoding with an erasure option…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2009-03-13 Erez Sabbag , Neri Merhav

The surface code is a powerful quantum error correcting code that can be defined on a 2-D square lattice of qubits with only nearest neighbor interactions. Syndrome and data qubits form a checkerboard pattern. Information about errors is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-11-24 Austin G. Fowler , David S. Wang , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg

Recently sparse coding have been highly successful in image classification mainly due to its capability of incorporating the sparsity of image representation. In this paper, we propose an improved sparse coding model based on linear spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-04-28 Chengqiang Bao , Liangtian He , Yilun Wang

The Poltyrev bound provides a very tight upper bound on the decoding error probability when using binary linear codes for transmission over the binary symmetric channel and the additive white Gaussian noise channel, making use of the code's…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Tal Philosof , Ariel Doubchak , Amit Berman , Uri Erez

Post-selection strategies that discard low-confidence computational results can significantly improve the effective fidelity of quantum error correction at the cost of reduced acceptance rates, which can be particularly useful for offline…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Seok-Hyung Lee , Lucas H. English , Stephen D. Bartlett

We study error bounds for linear programming decoding of regular LDPC codes. For memoryless binary-input output-symmetric channels, we prove bounds on the word error probability that are inverse doubly-exponential in the girth of the factor…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-04-12 Nissim Halabi , Guy Even