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Large language models (LLMs) are routinely pre-trained on billions of tokens, only to start the process over again once new data becomes available. A much more efficient solution is to continually pre-train these models, saving significant…

Recent endeavors in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) aim to unify visual comprehension and generation by combining LLM and diffusion models, the state-of-the-art in each task, respectively. Existing approaches rely on spatial visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Kaihang Pan , Wang Lin , Zhongqi Yue , Tenglong Ao , Liyu Jia , Wei Zhao , Juncheng Li , Siliang Tang , Hanwang Zhang

We present a simple self-supervised method to enhance the performance of ViT features for dense downstream tasks. Our Lightweight Feature Transform (LiFT) is a straightforward and compact postprocessing network that can be applied to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Saksham Suri , Matthew Walmer , Kamal Gupta , Abhinav Shrivastava

Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) offer a promising alternative for language modeling by enabling parallel decoding through iterative refinement. However, most DLMs rely on hard binary masking and discrete token assignments, which hinder the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Linhao Zhong , Linyu Wu , Bozhen Fang , Tianjian Feng , Chenchen Jing , Wen Wang , Jiaheng Zhang , Hao Chen , Chunhua Shen

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable abilities in diverse natural language processing (NLP) tasks. The LLMs generally undergo supervised fine-tuning (SFT) followed by preference alignment to be usable in downstream…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Shiva Kumar Pentyala , Zhichao Wang , Bin Bi , Kiran Ramnath , Xiang-Bo Mao , Regunathan Radhakrishnan , Sitaram Asur , Na , Cheng

Large language models (LLMs) encode extensive world knowledge through pre-training on massive datasets, which can then be fine-tuned for the question-answering (QA) task. However, effective strategies for fine-tuning LLMs for the QA task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Junjie Ye , Yuming Yang , Qi Zhang , Tao Gui , Xuanjing Huang , Peng Wang , Zhongchao Shi , Jianping Fan

In recent years, developing compact and efficient large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a thriving area of research. Traditional Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT), which relies on singular ground truth labels, often fails to capture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Jingyao Li , Senqiao Yang , Sitong Wu , Han Shi , Chuanyang Zheng , Hong Xu , Jiaya Jia

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is a critical step in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human instructions and values, yet many aspects of SFT remain poorly understood. We trained a wide range of base models on a variety of datasets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Yuto Harada , Yusuke Yamauchi , Yusuke Oda , Yohei Oseki , Yusuke Miyao , Yu Takagi

Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) is widely used for task-specific adaptation, yet recent work shows it systematically undermines reasoning generalization. We argue the root cause is not memorization itself, but its target: vanilla SFT drives…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ruiying Peng , Mengyu Yang , Jing Lei , Xiaohui Li , Xueyu Wu , Xinlei Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have become the cornerstone of modern AI. However, the existing paradigm of next-token prediction fundamentally limits their ability to form coherent, high-level concepts, making it a critical barrier to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Michael K. Chen , Xikun Zhang , Jiaxing Huang , Dacheng Tao

Diffusion language models intrinsically fail to capture correlations between decoded tokens, which leads to a harsh trade-off between sampling quality and throughput. To solve this issue, we propose DiLaDiff, a variant of masked diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Jean-Marie Lemercier , Tomas Geffner , Karsten Kreis , Morteza Mardani , Arash Vahdat , Ante Jukić

Feature Transformation (FT) crafts new features from original ones via mathematical operations to enhance dataset expressiveness for downstream models. However, existing FT methods exhibit critical limitations: discrete search struggles…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Nanxu Gong , Zijun Li , Sixun Dong , Haoyue Bai , Wangyang Ying , Xinyuan Wang , Yanjie Fu

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is crucial for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human instructions. The primary goal during SFT is to select a small yet representative subset of training data from the larger pool, such that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Tingyu Xia , Bowen Yu , Kai Dang , An Yang , Yuan Wu , Yuan Tian , Yi Chang , Junyang Lin

Masked diffusion language models enable parallel token generation and offer improved decoding efficiency over autoregressive models. However, their performance degrades significantly when generating multiple tokens simultaneously, due to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Houxing Ren , Mingjie Zhan , Zimu Lu , Ke Wang , Yunqiao Yang , Haotian Hou , Junting Pan , Hongsheng Li

Alignment, endowing a pre-trained Large language model (LLM) with the ability to follow instructions, is crucial for its real-world applications. Conventional supervised fine-tuning (SFT) methods formalize it as causal language modeling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Yuchen Fan , Yuzhong Hong , Qiushi Wang , Junwei Bao , Hongfei Jiang , Yang Song

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong general capabilities, yet their deployment in finance remains challenging due to dense domain-specific terminology, stringent numerical reasoning requirements, and low tolerance for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Chuxue Cao , Honglin Lin , Zhanping Zhong , Xin Gao , Mengzhang Cai , Conghui He , Sirui Han , Lijun Wu

Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) have recently emerged as a promising alternative to autoregressive language models, offering stronger global awareness and highly parallel generation. However, post-training DLMs with standard Negative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Kecheng Chen , Ziru Liu , Xijia Tao , Hui Liu , Yibing Liu , Xinyu Fu , Shi Wu , Suiyun Zhang , Dandan Tu , Lingpeng Kong , Rui Liu , Haoliang Li

Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) followed by Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a standard post-training recipe for improving Large Language Models (LLM) reasoning, but why it works remains unclear. We revisit the common claim that ``SFT memorizes,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Hangzhan Jin , Sitao Luan , Tianwei Ni , Sicheng Lyu , Guillaume Rabusseau , Reihaneh Rabbany , Doina Precup , Mohammad Hamdaqa

Diffusion language models promise parallel generation, yet still lag behind autoregressive (AR) models in quality. We stem this gap to a failure of introspective consistency: AR models agree with their own generations, while DLMs often do…

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) adapts a trained model to specific downstream tasks, significantly improving task-specific performance. Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) is a common approach, where an LLM is trained to produce desired…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Qianxi Li , Yingyue Cao , Jikun Kang , Tianpei Yang , Xi Chen , Jun Jin , Matthew E. Taylor