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Large language models demonstrate remarkable reasoning capabilities but often produce unreliable or incorrect responses. Existing verification methods are typically model-specific or domain-restricted, requiring significant computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Jiuzhou Han , Wray Buntine , Ehsan Shareghi

Agentic evolution has emerged as a powerful paradigm for improving programs, workflows, and scientific solutions by iteratively generating candidates, evaluating them, and using feedback to guide future search. However, existing methods are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Jiayi Zhang , Yongfeng Gu , Jianhao Ruan , Maojia Song , Yiran Peng , Zhiguang Han , Jinyu Xiang , Zhitao Wang , Caiyin Yang , Yixi Ouyang , Bang Liu , Chenglin Wu , Yuyu Luo

Agentic reinforcement learning (RL) holds great promise for the development of autonomous agents under complex GUI tasks, but its scalability remains severely hampered by the verification of task completion. Existing task verification is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Shaofei Cai , Yulei Qin , Haojia Lin , Zihan Xu , Gang Li , Yuchen Shi , Zongyi Li , Yong Mao , Siqi Cai , Xiaoyu Tan , Yitao Liang , Ke Li , Xing Sun

Fine-tuning large pre-trained language models with Evol-Instruct has achieved encouraging results across a wide range of tasks. However, designing effective evolving methods for instruction evolution requires substantial human expertise.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Weihao Zeng , Can Xu , Yingxiu Zhao , Jian-Guang Lou , Weizhu Chen

Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) reduces hallucinations and factual errors in large language models (LLMs) by conditioning generation on retrieved external knowledge. Recent search agents further cast RAG as an autonomous, multi-turn…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Jian Li , Yizhang Jin , Dongqi Liu , Hang Ding , Jiafu Wu , Dongsheng Chen , Yunhang Shen , Yulei Qin , Ying Tai , Chengjie Wang , Xiaotong Yuan , Yabiao Wang

Using a model of the environment and a value function, an agent can construct many estimates of a state's value, by unrolling the model for different lengths and bootstrapping with its value function. Our key insight is that one can treat…

Verifying whether the machine unlearning process has been properly executed is critical but remains underexplored. Some existing approaches propose unlearning verification methods based on backdooring techniques. However, these methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Weiqi Wang , Zhiyi Tian , Chenhan Zhang , Luoyu Chen , Shui Yu

We pursue a vision for self-improving language models in which the model does not merely generate problems or traces to imitate, but constructs the environments that train it. In zero-data reasoning RL, this reframes self-improvement from a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yucheng Shi , Zhenwen Liang , Kishan Panaganti , Dian Yu , Wenhao Yu , Haitao Mi

Open-ended image generation is no longer a simple prompt-to-image problem. High-quality generation often requires an agent to combine a model's internal generative ability with external resources. As requests become more diverse and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Sixiang Chen , Zhaohu Xing , Tian Ye , Xinyu Geng , Yunlong Lin , Jianyu Lai , Xuanhua He , Fuxiang Zhai , Jialin Gao , Lei Zhu

Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown remarkable general capabilities, yet embodied agents built on them fail at complex tasks, often skipping critical steps, proposing invalid actions, and repeating mistakes. These failures arise from a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Bingqing Wei , Zhongyu Xia , Dingai Liu , Xiaoyu Zhou , Zhiwei Lin , Yongtao Wang

Training autonomous web agents is fundamentally limited by the environments they learn from: real-world websites are unsafe to explore, hard to reset, and rarely provide verifiable feedback. We propose VeriEnv, a framework that treats…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Hyungjoo Chae , Jungsoo Park , Alan Ritter

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) grounds large language models (LLMs) in up-to-date external evidence, yet existing multi-hop RAG pipelines still issue redundant subqueries, explore too shallowly, or wander through overly long search…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yuelyu Ji , Rui Meng , Zhuochun Li , Daqing He

Self-evolving language-model agents must decide what to learn next and how to preserve what they have learned across iterations. Existing systems typically carry this cross-iteration knowledge as natural-language feedback, flat episodic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Ruiyi Yang , Zechen Li , Hao Xue , Imran Razzak , Flora D. Salim

Prevailing medical AI operates on an unrealistic ''one-shot'' model, diagnosing from a complete patient file. However, real-world diagnosis is an iterative inquiry where Clinicians sequentially ask questions and order tests to strategically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Yufei He , Juncheng Liu , Zhiyuan Hu , Yulin Chen , Yue Liu , Yuan Sui , Yibo Li , Nuo Chen , Jun Hu , Bryan Hooi , Xinxing Xu , Jiang Bian

Exploration is essential for general-purpose robotic learning, especially in open-ended environments where dense rewards, explicit goals, or task-specific supervision are scarce. Vision-language models (VLMs), with their semantic reasoning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Seungjae Lee , Daniel Ekpo , Haowen Liu , Furong Huang , Abhinav Shrivastava , Jia-Bin Huang

Due to the dynamically evolving nature of real-world query streams, relevance models struggle to generalize to practical search scenarios. A sophisticated solution is self-evolution techniques. However, in large-scale industrial settings…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Chenglong Wang , Canjia Li , Xingzhao Zhu , Yifu Huo , Huiyu Wang , Weixiong Lin , Yun Yang , Qiaozhi He , Tianhua Zhou , Xiaojia Chang , Jingbo Zhu , Tong Xiao

In this work, we propose MetaAgent, an agentic paradigm inspired by the principle of learning-by-doing, where expertise is developed through hands-on practice and continual self-improvement. MetaAgent starts with a minimal workflow,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Hongjin Qian , Zheng Liu

Recent advancements in visual generative models have enabled high-quality image and video generation, opening diverse applications. However, evaluating these models often demands sampling hundreds or thousands of images or videos, making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Fan Zhang , Shulin Tian , Ziqi Huang , Yu Qiao , Ziwei Liu

Automating optimization modeling with LLMs is a promising path toward scalable decision intelligence, but existing approaches either rely on agentic pipelines built on closed-source LLMs with high inference latency, or fine-tune smaller…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Runda Guan , Xiangqing Shen , Jiajun Zhang , Yifan Zhang , Jian Cheng , Rui Xia

Retrieval-augmented generation agents development is hindered by the lack of process-level supervision to effectively guide agentic capabilities like task decomposition, retriever invocation, and stepwise decision-making. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Muzhi Li , Jinhu Qi , Yihong Wu , Minghao Zhao , Liheng Ma , Yifan Li , Xinyu Wang , Yingxue Zhang , Ho-fung Leung , Irwin King