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The increasing scale of large language models (LLMs) necessitates highly efficient collective communication frameworks, particularly as training workloads extend to hundreds of thousands of GPUs. Traditional communication methods face…

Discourse phenomena in existing document-level translation datasets are sparse, which has been a fundamental obstacle in the development of context-aware machine translation models. Moreover, most existing document-level corpora and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Linghao Jin , Li An , Xuezhe Ma

Large language models (LLMs) are central to modern natural language processing, delivering exceptional performance in various tasks. However, their substantial computational and memory requirements present challenges, especially for devices…

The increasing size of the Key-Value (KV) cache during the Large Language Models long-context inference is the main obstacle for its balance between the deployment cost and task accuracy. To reduce the KV cache size in such scenarios, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Manlai Liang , JiaMing Zhang , Xiong Li , Jinlong Li

Traffic flow forecasting aims to predict future traffic flows based on the historical traffic conditions and the road network. It is an important problem in intelligent transportation systems, with a plethora of methods been proposed.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Yusheng Zhao , Xiao Luo , Haomin Wen , Zhiping Xiao , Wei Ju , Ming Zhang

Role specialization in multi-LLM agent systems is often realized via multi-LoRA, where agents share a pretrained backbone and differ only through lightweight adapters. Despite sharing base model weights, each agent independently builds and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Hyesung Jeon , Hyeongju Ha , Jae-Joon Kim

Text generation with Large Language Models (LLMs) is known to be memory bound due to the combination of their auto-regressive nature, huge parameter counts, and limited memory bandwidths, often resulting in low token rates. Speculative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Raghavv Goel , Mukul Gagrani , Wonseok Jeon , Junyoung Park , Mingu Lee , Christopher Lott

Recent research in federated large language models (LLMs) has primarily focused on enabling clients to fine-tune their locally deployed homogeneous LLMs collaboratively or on transferring knowledge from server-based LLMs to small language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Tao Fan , Guoqiang Ma , Yan Kang , Hanlin Gu , Yuanfeng Song , Lixin Fan , Kai Chen , Qiang Yang

KV cache restoration has emerged as a dominant bottleneck in serving long-context LLM workloads, including multi-turn conversations, retrieval-augmented generation, and agentic pipelines. Existing approaches treat restoration as a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Sean Nian , Jiahao Fang , Qilong Feng , Zhiyu Wu , Fan Lai

This paper introduces a novel approach to efficiently feeding knowledge to language models (LLMs) during prediction by integrating retrieval and generation processes within a unified framework. While the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 S Santosh Kumar , Rishi Gottimukkala , Supriya Devidutta , Karthikeyan S

Large Language Models (LLMs) typically generate outputs token by token using a fixed compute budget, leading to inefficient resource utilization. To address this shortcoming, recent advancements in mixture of expert (MoE) models,…

Efficient inference with Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly relies on Key-Value (KV) caches to store previously computed key and value vectors at each layer. These caches are essential to minimize redundant computation during…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Oteo Mamo , Olga Kogiou , Hyunjin Yi , Weikuan Yu

Large language model (LLM) inference serving systems are essential to various LLM-based applications. As demand for LLM services continues to grow, scaling these systems to handle high request rates while meeting latency Service-Level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Shihong Gao , Xin Zhang , Yanyan Shen , Lei Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle to handle long input sequences due to high memory and runtime costs. Memory-augmented models have emerged as a promising solution to this problem, but current methods are hindered by limited memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Zexue He , Leonid Karlinsky , Donghyun Kim , Julian McAuley , Dmitry Krotov , Rogerio Feris

Automatic recognition systems for child speech are lagging behind those dedicated to adult speech in the race of performance. This phenomenon is due to the high acoustic and linguistic variability present in child speech caused by their…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-05 Lucile Gelin , Morgane Daniel , Julien Pinquier , Thomas Pellegrini

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in understanding language and executing complex reasoning tasks. However, LLMs with long context windows have been notorious for their expensive training costs and high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Jun Zhao , Can Zu , Hao Xu , Yi Lu , Wei He , Yiwen Ding , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

The Key-Value (KV) cache is integral to efficient autoregressive inference in large language models (LLMs), yet its unbounded growth in stateful multi-turn scenarios presents major challenges. This paper examines the interplay between KV…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Pratik Poudel

In Text-to-SQL tasks, existing LLM-based methods often include extensive database schemas in prompts, leading to long context lengths and increased prefilling latency. While user queries typically focus on recurrent table sets-offering an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Jinbo Su , Yuxuan Hu , Cuiping Li , Hong Chen , Jia Li , Lintao Ma , Jing Zhang

In multi-agent settings, such as debate, reflection, or tool-calling, large language models (LLMs) pass messages as plain tokens, discarding most latent semantics. This constrains information transfer and adds unnecessary computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Fu-Chun Yang , Jason Eshraghian

Efficient long-context LLM deployment is stalled by a dichotomy between amortized compression, which struggles with out-of-distribution generalization, and Test-Time Training, which incurs prohibitive synthetic data costs and requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Zeju Li , Yizhou Zhou , Qiang Xu