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Social media platforms are rife with politically charged discussions. Therefore, accurately deciphering and predicting partisan biases using Large Language Models (LLMs) is increasingly critical. In this study, we address the challenge of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Zihao He , Siyi Guo , Ashwin Rao , Kristina Lerman

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in simulating human behaviour and social intelligence. However, they risk perpetuating societal biases, especially when demographic information is involved. We introduce…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Bryan Chen Zhengyu Tan , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

Prompt-based language models like GPT4 and LLaMa have been used for a wide variety of use cases such as simulating agents, searching for information, or for content analysis. For all of these applications and others, political biases in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Mats Faulborn , Indira Sen , Max Pellert , Andreas Spitz , David Garcia

Current large-scale language models can be politically biased as a result of the data they are trained on, potentially causing serious problems when they are deployed in real-world settings. In this paper, we describe metrics for measuring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Ruibo Liu , Chenyan Jia , Jason Wei , Guangxuan Xu , Lili Wang , Soroush Vosoughi

Large language models (LLMs) are known to generate politically biased text. Yet, it remains unclear how such biases arise, making it difficult to design effective mitigation strategies. We hypothesize that these biases are rooted in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Tanise Ceron , Dmitry Nikolaev , Dominik Stammbach , Debora Nozza

While advances in fairness and alignment have helped mitigate overt biases exhibited by large language models (LLMs) when explicitly prompted, we hypothesize that these models may still exhibit implicit biases when simulating human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Yuxuan Li , Hirokazu Shirado , Sauvik Das

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to exhibit social, demographic, and gender biases, often as a consequence of the data on which they are trained. In this work, we adopt a mechanistic interpretability approach to analyze how such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Bhavik Chandna , Zubair Bashir , Procheta Sen

Auditing Large Language Models (LLMs) to discover their biases and preferences is an emerging challenge in creating Responsible Artificial Intelligence (AI). While various methods have been proposed to elicit the preferences of such models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Leif Azzopardi , Yashar Moshfeghi

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed, understanding how they express political positioning is important for evaluating alignment and downstream effects. We audit 26 contemporary LLMs using three political psychometric…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Adib Sakhawat , Tahsin Islam , Takia Farhin , Syed Rifat Raiyan , Hasan Mahmud , Md Kamrul Hasan

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in everyday tools and applications, raising concerns about their potential influence on political views. While prior research has shown that LLMs often exhibit measurable political…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Daniil Gurgurov , Katharina Trinley , Ivan Vykopal , Josef van Genabith , Simon Ostermann , Roberto Zamparelli

Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained to refuse to respond to harmful content. However, systematic analyses of whether this behavior is truly a reflection of its safety policies or an indication of political censorship, that is practiced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Neemesh Yadav , Francesco Ortu , Jiarui Liu , Joeun Yook , Bernhard Schölkopf , Rada Mihalcea , Alberto Cazzaniga , Zhijing Jin

The assessment of bias within Large Language Models (LLMs) has emerged as a critical concern in the contemporary discourse surrounding Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the context of their potential impact on societal dynamics. Recognizing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Luca Rettenberger , Markus Reischl , Mark Schutera

Conversational AI has been proposed as a scalable way to correct public misconceptions and spread misinformation. Yet its effectiveness may depend on perceptions of its political neutrality. As LLMs enter partisan conflict, elites…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Matthew DiGiuseppe , Joshua Robison

Language models (LMs) are pretrained on diverse data sources, including news, discussion forums, books, and online encyclopedias. A significant portion of this data includes opinions and perspectives which, on one hand, celebrate democracy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Shangbin Feng , Chan Young Park , Yuhan Liu , Yulia Tsvetkov

A growing body of work has been querying LLMs with political questions to evaluate their potential biases. However, this probing method has limited stability, making comparisons between models unreliable. In this paper, we argue that LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Patrick Haller , Jannis Vamvas , Rico Sennrich , Lena A. Jäger

As large language models (LLMs) become an important way of information access, there have been increasing concerns that LLMs may intensify the spread of unethical content, including implicit bias that hurts certain populations without…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Yuchen Wen , Keping Bi , Wei Chen , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

While Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used as primary sources of information, their potential for political bias may impact their objectivity. Existing benchmarks of LLM social bias primarily evaluate gender and racial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Rohan Khetan , Ashna Khetan

Inconsistent political statements represent a form of misinformation. They erode public trust and pose challenges to accountability, when left unnoticed. Detecting inconsistencies automatically could support journalists in asking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Nursulu Sagimbayeva , Ruveyda Betül Bahçeci , Ingmar Weber

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained significant popularity for their application in various everyday tasks such as text generation, summarization, and information retrieval. As the widespread adoption of LLMs continues to surge, it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Pagnarasmey Pit , Xingjun Ma , Mike Conway , Qingyu Chen , James Bailey , Henry Pit , Putrasmey Keo , Watey Diep , Yu-Gang Jiang

Large language models (LLMs) are susceptible to persuasion, which can pose risks when models are faced with an adversarial interlocutor. We take a first step towards defending models against persuasion while also arguing that defense…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Elias Stengel-Eskin , Peter Hase , Mohit Bansal