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Related papers: Posterior Collapse as Automatic Spectral Pruning

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The $\beta$-VAE is a foundational framework for unsupervised disentanglement, using $\beta$ to regulate the trade-off between latent factorization and reconstruction fidelity. Empirically, however, disentanglement performance exhibits a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-11 Minh Vu , Xiaoliang Wan , Shuangqing Wei

Vector-quantized autoencoders deliver high-fidelity latents but suffer inherent flaws: the quantizer is non-differentiable, requires straight-through hacks, and is prone to collapse. We address these issues at the root by replacing VQ with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Hao Lu , Onur C. Koyun , Yongxin Guo , Zhengjie Zhu , Abbas Alili , Metin Nafi Gurcan

As an important problem in causal inference, we discuss the identification and estimation of treatment effects (TEs) under limited overlap; that is, when subjects with certain features belong to a single treatment group. We use a latent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-22 Pengzhou Wu , Kenji Fukumizu

We present Automatic Laplace Collapsed Sampling (ALCS), a general framework for marginalising latent parameters in Bayesian models using automatic differentiation, which we combine with nested sampling to explore the hyperparameter space in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Toby Lovick , David Yallup , Will Handley

The variational autoencoder (VAE) framework is a popular option for training unsupervised generative models, featuring ease of training and latent representation of data. The objective function of VAE does not guarantee to achieve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Jason Chou

Observing certain patches in an image reduces the uncertainty of others. Their realization lowers the distribution entropy of each remaining patch feature, analogous to collapsing a particle's wave function in quantum mechanics. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Wei Guo , Shunqi Mao , Zhuonan Liang , Heng Wang , Weidong Cai

The variational autoencoder (VAE) is a well-studied, deep, latent-variable model (DLVM) that efficiently optimizes the variational lower bound of the log marginal data likelihood and has a strong theoretical foundation. However, the VAE's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Surojit Saha , Sarang Joshi , Ross Whitaker

Variational autoencoders are widely used for unsupervised anomaly detection. Model selection however remains an open-question: to remain fully unsupervised, hyperparameters are often chosen to minimize the reconstruction error on normal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Agathe Senellart , Maëlys Solal , Stéphanie Allassonnière , Ninon Burgos

Deploying deep learning neural networks on edge devices, to accomplish task specific objectives in the real-world, requires a reduction in their memory footprint, power consumption, and latency. This can be realized via efficient model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Carl Shneider , Peyman Rostami , Anis Kacem , Nilotpal Sinha , Abd El Rahman Shabayek , Djamila Aouada

A variational autoencoder (VAE) is a probabilistic machine learning framework for posterior inference that projects an input set of high-dimensional data to a lower-dimensional, latent space. The latent space learned with a VAE offers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Rafael Pastrana

Variational Autoencoder (VAE), a simple and effective deep generative model, has led to a number of impressive empirical successes and spawned many advanced variants and theoretical investigations. However, recent studies demonstrate that,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Xuezhe Ma , Chunting Zhou , Eduard Hovy

This work aims efficiently estimating the posterior distribution of kinetic parameters for dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) imaging given a measurement of time of activity curve. Considering the inherent information loss from…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-10-25 Xiaofeng Liu , Thibault Marin , Tiss Amal , Jonghye Woo , Georges El Fakhri , Jinsong Ouyang

Surrogate models that combine dimensionality reduction and regression techniques are essential to reduce the need for costly high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics data. New approaches using $\beta$-Variational Autoencoder ($\beta$-VAE)…

There have been many recent advances in representation learning; however, unsupervised representation learning can still struggle with model identification issues related to rotations of the latent space. Variational Auto-Encoders (VAEs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Travers Rhodes , Daniel D. Lee

The ability of Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) to learn disentangled representations has made them popular for practical applications. However, their behaviour is not yet fully understood. For example, the questions of when they can provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Lisa Bonheme , Marek Grzes

In principle, applying variational autoencoders (VAEs) to sequential data offers a method for controlled sequence generation, manipulation, and structured representation learning. However, training sequence VAEs is challenging:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Đorđe Miladinović , Kumar Shridhar , Kushal Jain , Max B. Paulus , Joachim M. Buhmann , Mrinmaya Sachan , Carl Allen

Standard high-dimensional regression methods assume that the underlying coefficient vector is sparse. This might not be true in some cases, in particular in presence of hidden, confounding variables. Such hidden confounding can be…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-19 Domagoj Ćevid , Peter Bühlmann , Nicolai Meinshausen

Advances in variational inference enable parameterisation of probabilistic models by deep neural networks. This combines the statistical transparency of the probabilistic modelling framework with the representational power of deep learning.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Tom Pelsmaeker , Wilker Aziz

Deep latent variable models (LVM) such as variational auto-encoder (VAE) have recently played an important role in text generation. One key factor is the exploitation of smooth latent structures to guide the generation. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Le Fang , Chunyuan Li , Jianfeng Gao , Wen Dong , Changyou Chen

Posterior collapse in variational autoencoders is often diagnosed by its symptoms: a small KL term, a strong decoder, or weak use of the latent code. These signals are useful, but they do not define a collapse boundary. We study a concrete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Zegu Zhang , Jianhua Peng , Jian Zhang