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Large language model-based agents make mistakes, yet critique can often guide the same model toward correct behavior. However, when critique is removed, the model may fail again on the same query, indicating that it has not internalized the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Jianbo Lin , Xiaomin Yu , Yi Xin , Yifu Guo , Zhuosong Jiang , Zhongqi Yue , Weishi Wang , Heqing Zou , Chengwei Qin , Hui Xiong

Continual Learning (CL) is a field dedicated to devise algorithms able to achieve lifelong learning. Overcoming the knowledge disruption of previously acquired concepts, a drawback affecting deep learning models and that goes by the name of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Francesco Pelosin

Pretraining with expert demonstrations have been found useful in speeding up the training process of deep reinforcement learning algorithms since less online simulation data is required. Some people use supervised learning to speed up the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-12 Xiaoqin Zhang , Huimin Ma

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) methods have significant potential for dialogue policy optimisation. However, they suffer from a poor performance in the early stages of learning. This is especially problematic for on-line learning with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-06 Pei-Hao Su , Pawel Budzianowski , Stefan Ultes , Milica Gasic , Steve Young

Deep neural networks struggle to continually learn multiple sequential tasks due to catastrophic forgetting of previously learned tasks. Rehearsal-based methods which explicitly store previous task samples in the buffer and interleave them…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Prashant Bhat , Bahram Zonooz , Elahe Arani

Deep learning systems are prone to catastrophic forgetting when learning from a sequence of tasks, as old data from previous tasks is unavailable when learning a new task. To address this, some methods propose replaying data from previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Chenyang Wang , Junjun Jiang , Xingyu Hu , Xianming Liu , Xiangyang Ji

Catastrophic forgetting(CF) is a significant challenge in continual learning (CL). In regularization-based approaches to mitigate CF, modifications to important training parameters are penalized in subsequent tasks using an appropriate loss…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Sahil Nokhwal , Nirman Kumar

In value-based reinforcement learning methods such as deep Q-learning, function approximation errors are known to lead to overestimated value estimates and suboptimal policies. We show that this problem persists in an actor-critic setting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Scott Fujimoto , Herke van Hoof , David Meger

We argue that the negative transfer problem occurring when the new task to learn arrives is an important problem that needs not be overlooked when developing effective Continual Reinforcement Learning (CRL) algorithms. Through comprehensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Hongjoon Ahn , Jinu Hyeon , Youngmin Oh , Bosun Hwang , Taesup Moon

Recent work shows that flow matching can be effective for scalar Q-value function estimation in reinforcement learning (RL), but it remains unclear why or how this approach differs from standard critics. Contrary to conventional belief, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Bhavya Agrawalla , Michal Nauman , Aviral Kumar

Artificial intelligence (AI) and neuroscience share a rich history, with advancements in neuroscience shaping the development of AI systems capable of human-like knowledge retention. Leveraging insights from neuroscience and existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Hikmat Khan , Nidhal Carla Bouaynaya , Ghulam Rasool

Catastrophic forgetting undermines the effectiveness of deep neural networks (DNNs) in scenarios such as continual learning and lifelong learning. While several methods have been proposed to tackle this problem, there is limited work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Ekdeep Singh Lubana , Puja Trivedi , Danai Koutra , Robert P. Dick

Reliable value estimation serves as the cornerstone of reinforcement learning (RL) by evaluating long-term returns and guiding policy improvement, significantly influencing the convergence speed and final performance. Existing works improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Shan Zhong , Shutong Ding , He Diao , Xiangyu Wang , Kah Chan Teh , Bei Peng

Catastrophic forgetting in deep neural networks occurs when learning new tasks degrades performance on previously learned tasks due to knowledge overwriting. Among the approaches to mitigate this issue, regularization techniques aim to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Idan Mashiach , Oren Glickman , Tom Tirer

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) often requires a large number of data and environment interactions, making the training process time-consuming. This challenge is further exacerbated in the case of batch RL, where the agent is trained…

Existing continual relation learning (CRL) methods rely on plenty of labeled training data for learning a new task, which can be hard to acquire in real scenario as getting large and representative labeled data is often expensive and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Chengwei Qin , Shafiq Joty

Catastrophic forgetting is of special importance in reinforcement learning, as the data distribution is generally non-stationary over time. We study and compare several pseudorehearsal approaches for Q-learning with function approximation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-03-22 Vladimir Marochko , Leonard Johard , Manuel Mazzara

Pseudo-rehearsal allows neural networks to learn a sequence of tasks without forgetting how to perform in earlier tasks. Preventing forgetting is achieved by introducing a generative network which can produce data from previously seen tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Craig Atkinson , Brendan McCane , Lech Szymanski , Anthony Robins

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) frameworks are increasingly used to solve high-dimensional continuous control tasks in robotics. However, due to the lack of sample efficiency, applying DRL for online learning is still practically…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Yu Tang Liu , Aamir Ahmad

Continual Reinforcement Learning (CRL) aims to develop lifelong learning agents to continuously acquire knowledge across diverse tasks while mitigating catastrophic forgetting. This requires efficiently managing the stability-plasticity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Yuxuan Li , Qijun He , Mingqi Yuan , Wen-Tse Chen , Jeff Schneider , Jiayu Chen