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In this document we are interested in entropy. Entropy is multiple, the idea is to describe the definition proposed by the physicist Clausius. Indeed, Clausius exposes in 1865 the second principle of thermodynamics and also proposes the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-11-11 Ivan Gentil

It is very likely that the quantum description of spacetime is quite different from what we perceive at large scales, $l\gg (G\hbar/c^3)^{1/2}$. The long wave length description of spacetime, based on Einstein's equations, is similar to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 T. Padmanabhan

In stationary spacetimes global equilibrium states can be defined, applying the maximum entropy principle, by the introduction of local thermodynamic fields determined solely by geometry. As an example, we study a class of equilibrium…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-27 Rodolfo Panerai

In order to study the pseudo entropy of time-like subregions holographically, the previous smooth space-like extremal surface was recently generalized to mix space-like and time-like segments and the area becomes complex value. This paper…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-04-06 Ze Li , Zi-Qing Xiao , Run-Qiu Yang

We compute the entropy of a closed bounded region of space for pure 3d Riemannian gravity formulated as a topological BF theory for the gauge group SU(2) and show its holographic behavior. More precisely, we consider a fixed graph embedded…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Etera R. Livine , Daniel R. Terno

We consider entanglement entropy between regions of space in lattice gauge theory. The Hilbert space corresponding to a region of space includes edge states that transform nontrivially under gauge transformations. By decomposing the edge…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-04-27 William Donnelly

We investigate theories in which gravity arises as a consequence of entropy. We distinguish between two approaches to this idea: holographic gravity, in which Einstein's equation arises from keeping entropy stationary in equilibrium under…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-06-23 Sean M. Carroll , Grant N. Remmen

A definition for the entanglement entropy in a gauge theory was given recently in arXiv:1501.02593. Working on a spatial lattice, it involves embedding the physical state in an extended Hilbert space obtained by taking the tensor product of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-01-29 Ronak M Soni , Sandip P. Trivedi

Given the algebra of observables of a quantum system subject to selection rules, a state can be represented by different density matrices. As a result, different von Neumann entropies can be associated with the same state. Motivated by a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-25 Paolo Facchi , Giovanni Gramegna , Arturo Konderak

Quantum mechanics is derived as an application of the method of maximum entropy. No appeal is made to any underlying classical action principle whether deterministic or stochastic. Instead, the basic assumption is that in addition to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-05-09 Ariel Caticha

We consider shift spaces in which elements of the alphabet may overlap nontransitively. We define a notion of entropy for such spaces, give several techniques for computing lower bounds for it, and show that it is equal to a limit of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2010-11-16 Fabio Drucker , David Richeson , Jim Wiseman

We argue that the requirement of a finite entanglement entropy of quantum degrees of freedom across a boundary surface is closely related to the phenomenon of running spectral dimension, universal in approaches to quantum gravity. If…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-10-18 Michele Arzano , Gianluca Calcagni

To the student of thermodynamics the most difficult subject is entropy. In this paper we examine the actual, practical application of entropy to two simple systems, the homogeneous slab with fixed boundary values of the temperature, and an…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-28 Christian Frønsdal , Abhishek Pathak

We start with reviewing the origin of the idea that entropy and the Second Law are associated with the Arrow of Time. We then introduced a new definition of entropy based on Shannons Measure of Information, SMI. The SMI may be defined on…

Popular Physics · Physics 2017-05-04 Arieh Ben-Naim

In this paper we apply the entropy principle to the relativistic version of the differential equations describing a standard fluid flow, that is, the equations for mass, momentum, and a system for the energy matrix. These are the second…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-02-22 Hans Wilhelm Alt

Bousso's entropy bound is a conjecture that the entropy through a null hypersurface emanating from a two-dimensional surface with a nonpositive expansion is bounded by the area of that two-dimensional surface. We investigate the validity of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-31 Takamasa Kanai , Kimihiro Nomura , Daisuke Yoshida

We evaluate the entanglement entropy of a non-minimal coupling Einstein-scalar theory with two approaches in classical Euclidean gravity. By analysing the equation of motion, we find that the entangled surface is restricted to be a minimal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-06-29 Bing Sun , Weizhen Jia , Xingyang Yu

By refining the method proposed in arXiv:2010.07660, entropy current and entropy density for a relativistic hydrostatic equilibrium system with spherical symmetry are constructed as a non-Noether conserved charge in the Einstein gravity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-12 Shuichi Yokoyama

This is a review on entropy in various fields of mathematics and science. Its scope is to convey a unified vision of the classical as well as some newer entropy notions to a broad audience with an intermediate background in dynamical…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-02-08 José M. Amigó , Karsten Keller , Valentina Unakafova

We derive the holographic entanglement entropy functional for a generic gravitational theory whose action contains terms up to cubic order in the Riemann tensor, and in any dimension. This is the simplest case for which the so-called…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-01-11 Elena Cáceres , Rodrigo Castillo Vásquez , Alejandro Vilar López