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Related papers: Spectra as Language: Large Language Models for Sca…

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Large language models (LLMs) process and predict sequences containing text to answer questions, and address tasks including document summarization, providing recommendations, writing software and solving quantitative problems. We provide a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-02 Ricardo Baptista , Andrew Stuart , Son Tran

We briefly review some constraints (Owing to the limited number of pages of present review, only a sub-sample of the topics discussed during the talk are briefly summarized. For the interested readers we are pleased to send them upon…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 S. Cassisi

Characterizing the fundamental parameters of stars from observations is crucial for studying the stars themselves, their planets, and the galaxy as a whole. Stellar evolution theory predicting the properties of stars as a function of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-29 Cecilia Garraffo , Pavlos Protopapas , Jeremy J. Drake , Ignacio Becker , Phillip Cargile

Large Language Model (LLM) has demonstrated significant success in a range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks within general domain. The emergence of LLM has introduced innovative methodologies across diverse fields, including the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Jiheng Liang , Zujie Xie , Ziru Yu , Xiangyang Yu

From stellar spectra, a variety of physical properties of stars can be derived. In particular, the chemical composition of stellar atmospheres can be inferred from absorption line analyses. These provide key information on large scales,…

With the advent of dedicated photometric space missions, the ability to rapidly process huge catalogues of stars has become paramount. Bellinger and Angelou et al. (2016) recently introduced a new method based on machine learning for…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-08 Earl P. Bellinger , George C. Angelou , Saskia Hekker , Sarbani Basu , Warrick H. Ball , Elisabeth Guggenberger

We are developing a brand new stellar population models with flexible chemistry (isochrones plus stellar colors and spectra) in order to set a new standard of completeness and excellence. Here we present preliminary results to assess the…

The inverse stellar structure problem determines the equation of state of the matter in stars from a knowledge of their macroscopic observables (e.g. their masses and radii). This problem was solved in a previous paper by constructing a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-05-10 Lee Lindblom , Nathaniel M. Indik

Upcoming large-scale spectroscopic surveys such as WEAVE and 4MOST will provide thousands of spectra of massive stars, which need to be analysed in an efficient and homogeneous way. Studies on massive stars are usually based on samples of a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-20 Joachim M. Bestenlehner

Owing to the remarkable photometric precision of space observatories like Kepler, stellar and planetary systems beyond our own are now being characterized en masse for the first time. These characterizations are pivotal for endeavors such…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-03 Earl P. Bellinger , George C. Angelou , Saskia Hekker , Sarbani Basu , Warrick Ball , Elisabeth Guggenberger

A key to understand exoplanets is characterisation of their host stars. One of the most powerful tools to characterise stellar properties like effective temperature, surface gravity and metallicity, is spectroscopy based on observations of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-04 Carina M. Persson

In the current panorama of large surveys, the vast amount of data obtained with different methods, data types, formats, and stellar samples, is making an efficient use of the available information difficult. The Survey of Surveys is a…

The asteroseismic analysis of stellar power density spectra is often computationally expensive. The models used in the analysis may use several dozen parameters to accurately describe features in the spectra caused by oscillation modes and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-23 M. B. Nielsen , G. R. Davies , W. J. Chaplin , W. H Ball , J. M. J. Ong , E. Hatt , B. P. Jones , M. Logue

I present a discussion of fundamental stellar parameters and their observational determination in the context of interferometric measurements with current and future optical/infrared interferometric facilities. Stellar parameters and the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Wittkowski

Context. Determining stellar characteristics such as the radius, the mass or the age is crucial when studying stellar evolution, exoplanetary systems or characterising stellar populations in the Galaxy. Asteroseismology is the golden path…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-01-28 Gaël Buldgen , Daniel Roy Reese , Marc-Antoine Dupret , Réza Samadi

Transmission spectroscopy during planetary transits is expected to be a major source of information on the atmospheres of small (approximately Earth-sized) exoplanets in the next two decades. This technique, however, is intrinsically…

Spectra are a prevalent yet highly information-dense form of scientific imagery, presenting substantial challenges to multimodal large language models (MLLMs) due to their unstructured and domain-specific characteristics. Here we introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Jialu Shen , Han Lyu , Suyang Zhong , Hanzheng Li , Haoyi Tao , Nan Wang , Changhong Chen , Xi Fang

Stellar models provide a vital basis for many aspects of astronomy and astrophysics. Recent advances in observational astronomy -- through asteroseismology, precision photometry, high-resolution spectroscopy, and large-scale surveys -- are…

High-fidelity spectroscopy presents challenges for both observations and in designing instruments. High-resolution and high-accuracy spectra are required for verifying hydrodynamic stellar atmospheres and for resolving intergalactic…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Dainis Dravins

We discuss the way of increasing of the number of chemical elements, investigated in stellar spectra. We can reach it by using spectrum synthesis method, new atomic data and observation of stellar spectra with resolution comparable to solar…