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Protein representation learning (PRL) is crucial for understanding structure-function relationships, yet current sequence- and graph-based methods fail to capture the hierarchical organization inherent in protein structures. We introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Zhiyu Wang , Arian Jamasb , Mustafa Hajij , Alex Morehead , Luke Braithwaite , Pietro Liò

Proteins encode diverse functions within complex three-dimensional structures, yet most deep learning representations remain highly entangled, obscuring the biophysical signals that underlie function. Here we introduce ProtDiS, a…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-26 Mingqing Wang , Zhiwei Nie , Athanasios V. Vasilakos , Yonghong He , Zhixiang Ren

Predicting protein secondary structure is a fundamental problem in protein structure prediction. Here we present a new supervised generative stochastic network (GSN) based method to predict local secondary structure with deep hierarchical…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2014-03-07 Jian Zhou , Olga G. Troyanskaya

Designing protein sequences that fold into a target 3-D structure, termed as the inverse folding problem, is central to protein engineering. However, it remains challenging due to the vast sequence space and the importance of local…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-17 Sazan Mahbub , Souvik Kundu , Eric P. Xing

Protein structure-based property prediction has emerged as a promising approach for various biological tasks, such as protein function prediction and sub-cellular location estimation. The existing methods highly rely on experimental protein…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Yufei Huang , Siyuan Li , Jin Su , Lirong Wu , Odin Zhang , Haitao Lin , Jingqi Qi , Zihan Liu , Zhangyang Gao , Yuyang Liu , Jiangbin Zheng , Stan. ZQ. Li

Designing protein sequences of both high fitness and novelty is a challenging task in data-efficient protein engineering. Exploration beyond wild-type neighborhoods often leads to biologically implausible sequences or relies on surrogate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Michal Kmicikiewicz , Vincent Fortuin , Ewa Szczurek

Protein structure prediction is a critical and longstanding challenge in biology, garnering widespread interest due to its significance in understanding biological processes. A particular area of focus is the prediction of missing loops in…

Protein language models (pLMs) have recently gained significant attention for their ability to uncover relationships between sequence, structure, and function from evolutionary statistics, thereby accelerating therapeutic drug discovery.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Darshan Patil , Pranshu Malviya , Mathieu Reymond , Quentin Fournier , Sarath Chandar

Graphs as a type of data structure have recently attracted significant attention. Representation learning of geometric graphs has achieved great success in many fields including molecular, social, and financial networks. It is natural to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Tian Xia , Wei-Shinn Ku

Single-cell representation learning (SCRL) from gene expression data offers a way to uncover the complex regulatory logic underlying cellular function. Inspired by large language models in natural language modeling, several single-cell…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Sachini Weerasekara , Natasha Darras , Sagar Kamarthi , Colles Price , Jacqueline Isaacs

By folding into particular 3D structures, proteins play a key role in living beings. To learn meaningful representation from a protein structure for downstream tasks, not only the global backbone topology but the local fine-grained…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-05 Jiahan Li , Shitong Luo , Congyue Deng , Chaoran Cheng , Jiaqi Guan , Leonidas Guibas , Jian Peng , Jianzhu Ma

Table structure recognition (TSR) aims to convert tabular images into a machine-readable format. Although hybrid convolutional neural network (CNN)-transformer architecture is widely used in existing approaches, linear projection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 ShengYun Peng , Seongmin Lee , Xiaojing Wang , Rajarajeswari Balasubramaniyan , Duen Horng Chau

While many good textbooks are available on Protein Structure, Molecular Simulations, Thermodynamics and Bioinformatics methods in general, there is no good introductory level book for the field of Structural Bioinformatics. This book aims…

Protein language models are a powerful tool for learning protein representations through pre-training on vast protein sequence datasets. However, traditional protein language models lack explicit structural supervision, despite its…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-02-09 Zuobai Zhang , Jiarui Lu , Vijil Chenthamarakshan , Aurélie Lozano , Payel Das , Jian Tang

Determining the structure of a protein has been a decades-long open question. A protein's three-dimensional structure often poses nontrivial computation costs, when classical simulation algorithms are utilized. Advances in the transformer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Chen Dun , Qiutai Pan , Shikai Jin , Ria Stevens , Mitchell D. Miller , George N. Phillips, , Anastasios Kyrillidis

Generative models have recently advanced $\textit{de novo}$ protein design by learning the statistical regularities of natural structures. However, current approaches face three key limitations: (1) Existing methods cannot jointly learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Zhanghan Ni , Yanjing Li , Zeju Qiu , Bernhard Schölkopf , Hongyu Guo , Weiyang Liu , Shengchao Liu

Recently, there has been great interest in learning how to best represent proteins, specifically with fixed-length embeddings. Deep learning has become a popular tool for protein representation learning as a model's hidden layers produce…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2020-11-09 Amir Shanehsazzadeh , David Belanger , David Dohan

Determining protein structures at an atomic level remains a significant challenge in structural biology. We introduce $\texttt{RecCrysFormer}$, a hybrid model that exploits the strengths of transformers with the aim of integrating…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-30 Tom Pan , Evan Dramko , Mitchell D. Miller , George N. Phillips , Anastasios Kyrillidis

Protein modeling is an increasingly popular area of machine learning research. Semi-supervised learning has emerged as an important paradigm in protein modeling due to the high cost of acquiring supervised protein labels, but the current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Roshan Rao , Nicholas Bhattacharya , Neil Thomas , Yan Duan , Xi Chen , John Canny , Pieter Abbeel , Yun S. Song

Understanding protein solubility is essential for their functional applications. Computational methods for predicting protein solubility are crucial for reducing experimental costs and enhancing the efficiency and success rates of protein…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-01 Yang Tan , Jia Zheng , Liang Hong , Bingxin Zhou