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Adversarial Training has proved to be an effective training paradigm to enforce robustness against adversarial examples in modern neural network architectures. Despite many efforts, explanations of the foundational principles underpinning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Mattia Carletti , Matteo Terzi , Gian Antonio Susto

Recently, the mysterious In-Context Learning (ICL) ability exhibited by Transformer architectures, especially in large language models (LLMs), has sparked significant research interest. However, the resilience of Transformers' in-context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Chen Cheng , Xinzhi Yu , Haodong Wen , Jingsong Sun , Guanzhang Yue , Yihao Zhang , Zeming Wei

The growing demand for road use in urban areas has led to significant traffic congestion, posing challenges that are costly to mitigate through infrastructure expansion alone. As an alternative, optimizing existing traffic management…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Muhammad Tahir Rafique , Ahmed Mustafa , Hasan Sajid

Recent successes in reinforcement learning have lead to the development of complex controllers for real-world robots. As these robots are deployed in safety-critical applications and interact with humans, it becomes critical to ensure…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-12-12 Shromona Ghosh , Felix Berkenkamp , Gireeja Ranade , Shaz Qadeer , Ashish Kapoor

Safety is a critical concern when deploying reinforcement learning agents for realistic tasks. Recently, safe reinforcement learning algorithms have been developed to optimize the agent's performance while avoiding violations of safety…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Baiming Chen , Zuxin Liu , Jiacheng Zhu , Mengdi Xu , Wenhao Ding , Ding Zhao

We approach the task of network congestion control in datacenters using Reinforcement Learning (RL). Successful congestion control algorithms can dramatically improve latency and overall network throughput. Until today, no such…

For years, adversarial training has been extensively studied in natural language processing (NLP) settings. The main goal is to make models robust so that similar inputs derive in semantically similar outcomes, which is not a trivial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Daniela N. Rim , DongNyeong Heo , Heeyoul Choi

Heterogeneous graph neural networks (HGNNs) have significantly propelled the information retrieval (IR) field. Still, the effectiveness of HGNNs heavily relies on high-quality labels, which are often expensive to acquire. This challenge has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Siqing Li , Jin-Duk Park , Wei Huang , Xin Cao , Won-Yong Shin , Zhiqiang Xu

In real-world datasets, noisy labels are pervasive. The challenge of learning with noisy labels (LNL) is to train a classifier that discerns the actual classes from given instances. For this, the model must identify features indicative of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Hui Kang , Sheng Liu , Huaxi Huang , Tongliang Liu

Reinforcement Learning (RL), one of the core paradigms in machine learning, learns to make decisions based on real-world experiences. This approach has significantly advanced AI applications across various domains, notably in smart grid…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Zheyu Zhang

Deep neural networks have demonstrated their capability to learn control policies for a variety of tasks. However, these neural network-based policies have been shown to be susceptible to exploitation by adversarial agents. Therefore, there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Sampo Kuutti , Saber Fallah , Richard Bowden

Model-based reinforcement learning has attracted much attention due to its high sample efficiency and is expected to be applied to real-world robotic applications. In the real world, as unobservable disturbances can lead to unexpected…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Taisuke Kobayashi

Reinforcement learning (RL) has attracted increasing interest for adaptive traffic signal control due to its model-free ability to learn control policies directly from interaction with the traffic environment. However, several challenges…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Dickens Kwesiga , Angshuman Guin , Khaled Abdelghany , Michael Hunter

Recently, Intelligent Transportation Systems are leveraging the power of increased sensory coverage and computing power to deliver data-intensive solutions achieving higher levels of performance than traditional systems. Within Traffic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Alvaro Cabrejas-Egea , Raymond Zhang , Neil Walton

The fact that deep neural networks are susceptible to crafted perturbations severely impacts the use of deep learning in certain domains of application. Among many developed defense models against such attacks, adversarial training emerges…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Anh Bui , Trung Le , He Zhao , Paul Montague , Olivier deVel , Tamas Abraham , Dinh Phung

As communication protocols evolve, datacenter network utilization increases. As a result, congestion is more frequent, causing higher latency and packet loss. Combined with the increasing complexity of workloads, manual design of congestion…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Benjamin Fuhrer , Yuval Shpigelman , Chen Tessler , Shie Mannor , Gal Chechik , Eitan Zahavi , Gal Dalal

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are vulnerable to misclassifying images when small perturbations are present. With the increasing prevalence of CNNs in self-driving cars, it is vital to ensure these algorithms are robust to prevent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Aakash Kumar

Despite recent advances in autonomous driving systems, accidents such as the fatal Uber crash in 2018 show these systems are still susceptible to edge cases. Such systems must be thoroughly tested and validated before being deployed in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Shreyas Ramakrishna , Baiting Luo , Christopher Kuhn , Gabor Karsai , Abhishek Dubey

The increasingly complicated and diverse applications have distinct network performance demands, e.g., some desire high throughput while others require low latency. Traditional congestion controls (CC) have no perception of these demands.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Lei Zhang , Yong Cui , Mowei Wang , Kewei Zhu , Yibo Zhu , Yong Jiang

Machine learning algorithms are effective in several applications, but they are not as much successful when applied to intrusion detection in cyber security. Due to the high sensitivity to their training data, cyber detectors based on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Giovanni Apruzzese , Mauro Andreolini , Michele Colajanni , Mirco Marchetti