Related papers: Vacuum breakdown in a misaligned magnetized Kerr s…
We present the invariant characterization of the region where vacuum breakdown into electron-positron ($e^+e^-$) pairs occurs due to an overcritical electric field, the dyadoregion, in the case of a Kerr black hole (BH) in the presence of…
Basic energy requirements of Gamma Ray Burst(GRB) sources can be easily accounted for by a pair creation process occurring in the "Dyadosphere" of a Black Hole endowed with an electromagnetic field (abbreviated to EMBH for "electromagnetic…
The "dyadosphere" (from the Greek word "duas-duados" for pairs) is here defined as the region outside the horizon of a black hole endowed with an electromagnetic field (abbreviated to EMBH for "electromagnetic black hole") where the…
The "dyadosphere" has been defined (Ruffini, Preparata et al.) as the region outside the horizon of a black hole endowed with an electromagnetic field (abbreviated to EMBH for "electromagnetic black hole") where the electromagnetic field…
We first recall the concept of Dyadosphere (electron-positron-photon plasma around a formed black holes) and its motivation, and recall on (i) the Dirac process: annihilation of electron-positron pairs to photons; (ii) the Breit-Wheeler…
The concept of "dyadotorus" was recently introduced to identify in the Kerr-Newman geometry the region where vacuum polarization processes may occur, leading to the creation of $e^--e^+$ pairs. This concept generalizes the original concept…
The process of neutrino production of electron positron pairs in a magnetic field of arbitrary strength, where electrons and positrons can be created in the states corresponding to excited Landau levels, is analysed. The mean value of the…
The processes of neutrino production of electron-positron pairs, $\nu \bar\nu \to e^- e^+$ and $\nu \to \nu e^- e^+$, in a magnetic field of arbitrary strength, where electrons and positrons can be created in the states corresponding to…
The interaction of an expanding Pair-Electromagnetic pulse (PEM pulse) with a shell of baryonic matter surrounding a Black Hole with electromagnetic structure (EMBH) is analyzed for selected values of the baryonic mass at selected distances…
In some low-luminosity accreting supermassive black hole systems, the supply of plasma in the funnel region can be a problem. It is believed that a local region with unscreened electric field can exist in the black hole magnetosphere,…
We show that the gravitomagnetic interaction of a Kerr black hole (BH) with a surrounding magnetic field induces an electric field that accelerates charged particles to ultra-relativistic energies in the vicinity of the BH. Along the BH…
(Shortened) We show by example how the uncoding of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) offers unprecedented possibilities to foster new knowledge in fundamental physics and in astrophysics. After recalling some of the classic work on vacuum…
Astrophysical compact objects, such as magnetars, neutron star mergers, etc, have strong electromagnetic fields beyond the Schwinger field ($B_c = 4.4 \times 10^{13}\, {\rm G}$). In strong electric fields, electron-positron pairs are…
Damping of an electromagnetic wave in a strong magnetic field is analyzed in the kinematic region near the threshold of electron-positron pair production. Damping of the electromagnetic field is shown to be noticeably nonexponential in this…
The process of neutrino production of electron positron pairs in a magnetic field of arbitrary strength, where electrons and positrons can be created in the states corresponding to excited Landau levels, is analysed. The mean value of the…
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) appear as the brightest transient phenomena in the Universe. The nature of the central engine in GRBs is a missing link in the theory of fireballs to their stellar mass progenitors. Here it is shown that rotating…
We quantitatively study the stationary, axisymmetric, force-free magnetospheres of spinning (Kerr) black holes (BHs) and the conditions needed for relativistic jets to be powered by the Blandford-Znajek mechanism. These jets could be from…
The curved spacetime surrounding a rotating black hole dramatically alters the structure of nearby electromagnetic fields. The Wald field which is an asymptotically uniform magnetic field aligned with the angular momentum of the hole…
The common tunneling picture of electron-positron pair creation in a strong electric field is generalized to pair creation in combined crossed electric and magnetic fields. This enhanced picture, being symmetric for electrons and positrons,…
We calculate the probability of electron-positron pair creation in vacuum in 3+1 dimensions by an external electromagnetic field composed of a constant uniform electric field and a constant uniform magnetic field, both of arbitrary…