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Related papers: OCELOT: Odometry and Contact Estimation for Legged…

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For leg exoskeletons to operate effectively in real-world environments, they must be able to perceive and understand the terrain around them. However, unlike other legged robots, exoskeletons face specific constraints on where depth sensors…

Legged robots carry an IMU, but the inertial solution drifts because consumer-grade IMUs are noisy. However, the feet create intermittent contacts with the environment that can be used to mitigate that drift. This report develops a sequence…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Frank Dellaert , Chiyun Noh , Varun Agrawal , Ayoung Kim

Reliable odometry for legged robots without cameras or LiDAR remains challenging due to IMU drift and noisy joint velocity sensing. This paper presents a purely proprioceptive state estimator that uses only IMU and motor measurements to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Minxing Sun , Yao Mao

State estimation for legged robots remains challenging because legged odometry generally suffers from limited observability and therefore depends critically on measurement constraints to suppress drift. When exteroceptive sensors are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Wanlei Li , Zichang Chen , Shilei Li , Xiaogang Xiong , Yunjiang Lou

Existing state estimation algorithms for legged robots that rely on proprioceptive sensors often overlook foot slippage and leg deformation in the physical world, leading to large estimation errors. To address this limitation, we propose a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Tianyi Zhang , Wenhan Cao , Chang Liu , Tao Zhang , Jiangtao Li , Shengbo Eben Li

Robust and accurate proprioceptive state estimation of the main body is crucial for legged robots to execute tasks in extreme environments where exteroceptive sensors, such as LiDARs and cameras, may become unreliable. In this paper, we…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yibin Wu , Jian Kuang , Shahram Khorshidi , Xiaoji Niu , Lasse Klingbeil , Maren Bennewitz , Heiner Kuhlmann

This paper introduces a novel proprioceptive state estimator for legged robots based on a learned displacement measurement from IMU data. Recent research in pedestrian tracking has shown that motion can be inferred from inertial data using…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Russell Buchanan , Marco Camurri , Frank Dellaert , Maurice Fallon

Accurate proprioceptive odometry is fundamental for legged robot navigation in GPS-denied and visually degraded environments where conventional visual odometry systems fail. Current approaches face critical limitations: analytical filtering…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Changsheng Luo , Yushi Wang , Wenhan Cai , Mingguo Zhao

Our goal is to send legged robots into challenging, unstructured terrains that wheeled systems cannot traverse. Moreover, precise estimation of the robot's position and orientation in rough terrain is especially difficult. To address this…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-14 Shuo Yang , Hans Kumar , Zhaoyuan Gu , Xiangyuan Zhang , Matthew Travers , Howie Choset

Implementing dynamic locomotion behaviors on legged robots requires a high-quality state estimation module. Especially when the motion includes flight phases, state-of-the-art approaches fail to produce reliable estimation of the robot…

Legged robot locomotion is a challenging task due to a myriad of sub-problems, such as the hybrid dynamics of foot contact and the effects of the desired gait on the terrain. Accurate and efficient state estimation of the floating base and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Varun Agrawal , Sylvain Bertrand , Robert Griffin , Frank Dellaert

This paper presents a state-estimation solution for legged robots that uses a set of low-cost, compact, and lightweight sensors to achieve low-drift pose and velocity estimation under challenging locomotion conditions. The key idea is to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Shuo Yang , Zixin Zhang , John Z. Zhang , Ibrahima Sory Sow , Zachary Manchester

In this article, we propose a deep learning framework that provides a unified approach to the problem of leg contact detection in humanoid robot walking gaits. Our formulation accomplishes to accurately and robustly estimate the contact…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Stylianos Piperakis , Michael Maravgakis , Dimitrios Kanoulas , Panos Trahanias

This paper proposes a state estimator for legged robots operating in slippery environments. An Invariant Extended Kalman Filter (InEKF) is implemented to fuse inertial and velocity measurements from a tracking camera and leg kinematic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-12 Sangli Teng , Mark Wilfried Mueller , Koushil Sreenath

Ubiquitous positioning for pedestrian in adverse environment has served a long standing challenge. Despite dramatic progress made by Deep Learning, multi-sensor deep odometry systems yet pose a high computational cost and suffer from…

Kalman filter-based algorithms are fundamental for mobile robots, as they provide a computationally efficient solution to the challenging problem of state estimation. However, they rely on two main assumptions that are difficult to satisfy…

This paper introduces a framework for state estimation on a humanoid robot platform using only common proprioceptive sensors and knowledge of leg kinematics. The presented approach extends that detailed in [1] on a quadruped platform by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2014-12-11 Nicholas Rotella , Michael Bloesch , Ludovic Righetti , Stefan Schaal

State-of-the-art robotic perception systems have achieved sufficiently good performance using Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), cameras, and nonlinear optimization techniques, that they are now being deployed as technologies. However, many…

This work develops a learning-based contact estimator for legged robots that bypasses the need for physical sensors and takes multi-modal proprioceptive sensory data as input. Unlike vision-based state estimators, proprioceptive state…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Tzu-Yuan Lin , Ray Zhang , Justin Yu , Maani Ghaffari

Legged robots can traverse a wide variety of terrains, some of which may be challenging for wheeled robots, such as stairs or highly uneven surfaces. However, quadruped robots face stability challenges on slippery surfaces. This can be…

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