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Large language models (LLMs) such as GPT, Claude, Gemini, and Grok have been deeply integrated into our daily life. They now support a wide range of tasks -- from dialogue and email drafting to assisting with teaching and coding, serving as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Hongyi Zhou , Jin Zhu , Ying Yang , Chengchun Shi

The use of machine learning (ML) models to assess and score textual data has become increasingly pervasive in an array of contexts including natural language processing, information retrieval, search and recommendation, and credibility…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Marialena Bevilacqua , Kezia Oketch , Ruiyang Qin , Will Stamey , Xinyuan Zhang , Yi Gan , Kai Yang , Ahmed Abbasi

Although AI drafting tools have gained prominence in patent writing, the systematic evaluation of AI-generated patent content quality represents a significant research gap. To address this gap, We propose to evaluate patents using…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Yuqian Chai , Chaochao Wang , Weilei Wang

Evaluating large language models (LLMs) is fundamental, particularly in the context of practical applications. Conventional evaluation methods, typically designed primarily for LLM development, yield numerical scores that ignore the user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Yongqiang Ma , Lizhi Qing , Jiawei Liu , Yangyang Kang , Yue Zhang , Wei Lu , Xiaozhong Liu , Qikai Cheng

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in the social sciences to simulate human behavior, based on the assumption that they can generate realistic, human-like text. Yet this assumption remains largely untested. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Nicolò Pagan , Petter Törnberg , Christopher A. Bail , Anikó Hannák , Christopher Barrie

While historical considerations surrounding text authenticity revolved primarily around plagiarism, the advent of large language models (LLMs) has introduced a new challenge: distinguishing human-authored from AI-generated text. This shift…

Previous work has demonstrated that AI methods for analysing scientific literature benefit significantly from annotating sentences in papers according to their rhetorical roles, such as research gaps, results, limitations, extensions of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Francisco Bolaños , Angelo Salatino , Francesco Osborne , Enrico Motta

As text generated by large language models proliferates, it becomes vital to understand how humans engage with such text, and whether or not they are able to detect when the text they are reading did not originate with a human writer. Prior…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Liam Dugan , Daphne Ippolito , Arun Kirubarajan , Sherry Shi , Chris Callison-Burch

The rapid advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly improved their ability to generate natural language, making texts generated by LLMs increasingly indistinguishable from human-written texts. Recent research has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Sergio E. Zanotto , Segun Aroyehun

Large Language Models (LLMs) challenge the validity of traditional open-ended assessments by blurring the lines of authorship. While recent research has focused on the accuracy of automated scoring (AES), these static approaches fail to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Tom Lee , Sihoon Lee , Seonghun Kim

The "Writer's Integrity" framework introduces a paradigm shift in maintaining the sanctity of human-generated text in the realms of academia, research, and publishing. This innovative system circumvents the shortcomings of current AI…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Sanad Aburass , Maha Abu Rumman

This study investigates the use of generative AI to support formative assessment through machine generated reviews of peer reviews in graduate online courses in a public university in the United States. Drawing on Systemic Functional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Gabriela C. Zapata , Bill Cope , Mary Kalantzis , Duane Searsmith

Key doctrines, including novelty (patent), originality (copyright), and distinctiveness (trademark), turn on a shared empirical question: whether a body of work is meaningfully distinct from a relevant reference class. Yet analyses…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Anirban Mukherjee , Hannah Hanwen Chang

While prior work has examined the generation capabilities of Agentic AI systems, little is known about how reviewers respond to AI-authored code in practice. In this paper, we present a large-scale empirical study of code review dynamics in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Md. Asif Haider , Thomas Zimmermann

Personalized text generation presents a specialized mechanism for delivering content that is specific to a user's personal context. While the research progress in this area has been rapid, evaluation still presents a challenge. Traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Yaqing Wang , Jiepu Jiang , Mingyang Zhang , Cheng Li , Yi Liang , Qiaozhu Mei , Michael Bendersky

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized text generation, making it increasingly difficult to distinguish between human- and AI-generated content. This poses a significant challenge to academic integrity,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Tatiana Batura , Elena Bruches , Milana Shvenk , Valentin Malykh

Large language models can generate fluent peer reviews, yet their assessments often lack sufficient critical rigor when substantive issues are subtle and distributed across a paper. In this paper, we introduce PaperAudit-Bench, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Songjun Tu , Yiwen Ma , Jiahao Lin , Qichao Zhang , Xiangyuan Lan , Junfeng. Li , Nan Xu , Linjing Li , Dongbin Zhao

The rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT has blurred the line between human and AI-generated texts, raising urgent questions about academic integrity, intellectual property, and the spread of misinformation. Thus,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Sharanya Parimanoharan , Ruwan D. Nawarathna

AI-generated content is becoming increasingly prevalent in the real world, leading to serious ethical and societal concerns. For instance, adversaries might exploit large multimodal models (LMMs) to create images that violate ethical or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Hongchao Fang , Yixin Liu , Jiangshu Du , Can Qin , Ran Xu , Feng Liu , Lichao Sun , Dongwon Lee , Lifu Huang , Wenpeng Yin

Despite the rapid development of AI reviewers, evaluating such systems remains challenging: metrics favor overlap with human reviews over correctness. However, since human reviews often cover only a subset of salient issues and sometimes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hexuan Deng , Xiaopeng Ke , Yichen Li , Ruina Hu , Dehao Huang , Derek F. Wong , Yue Wang , Xuebo Liu , Min Zhang