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Many applications in signal processing benefit from the sparsity of signals in a certain transform domain or dictionary. Synthesis sparsifying dictionaries that are directly adapted to data have been popular in applications such as image…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-06-23 Saiprasad Ravishankar , Yoram Bresler

Obtaining versions of deep neural networks that are both highly-accurate and highly-sparse is one of the main challenges in the area of model compression, and several high-performance pruning techniques have been investigated by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-11 Denis Kuznedelev , Eldar Kurtic , Eugenia Iofinova , Elias Frantar , Alexandra Peste , Dan Alistarh

Sparse systems are usually parameterized by a tuning parameter that determines the sparsity of the system. How to choose the right tuning parameter is a fundamental and difficult problem in learning the sparse system. In this paper, by…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-01-18 Moo K. Chung , Jamie L. Hanson , Jieping Ye , Richard J. Davidson , Seth D. Pollak

Fully finetuning foundation language models (LMs) with billions of parameters is often impractical due to high computational costs, memory requirements, and the risk of overfitting. Although methods like low-rank adapters help address these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Jonathan Svirsky , Yehonathan Refael , Ofir Lindenbaum

Sparse optimization is a fundamental challenge in various practical applications. A popular approach to sparse optimization is $\ell_p$ regularization. However, it may encounter optimization instability due to the unbounded gradients when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Huangyu Xu , Jingqin Yang , Qianqian Xu , Jiaye Teng

We introduce a novel optimization problem formulation that departs from the conventional way of minimizing machine learning model loss as a black-box function. Unlike traditional formulations, the proposed approach explicitly incorporates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Yury Demidovich , Grigory Malinovsky , Egor Shulgin , Peter Richtárik

Continual Learning with Pre-trained Models holds great promise for efficient adaptation across sequential tasks. However, most existing approaches freeze PTMs and rely on auxiliary modules like prompts or adapters, limiting model plasticity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Huan Zhang , Shenghua Fan , Shuyu Dong , Yujin Zheng , Dingwen Wang , Fan Lyu

Existing approaches to increasing the effective depth of Transformers predominantly rely on parameter reuse, extending computation through recursive execution. Under this paradigm, the network structure remains static along the training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Yao Chen , Yilong Chen , Yinqi Yang , Junyuan Shang , Zhenyu Zhang , Zefeng Zhang , Shuaiyi Nie , Shuohuan Wang , Yu Sun , Hua Wu , HaiFeng Wang , Tingwen Liu

Sparsity-based models and techniques have been exploited in many signal processing and imaging applications. Data-driven methods based on dictionary and sparsifying transform learning enable learning rich image features from data, and can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Saiprasad Ravishankar , Anna Ma , Deanna Needell

We investigate the robustness of sparse artificial neural networks trained with adaptive topology. We focus on a simple yet effective architecture consisting of three sparse layers with 99% sparsity followed by a dense layer, applied to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Bendegúz Sulyok , Gergely Palla , Filippo Radicchi , Santo Fortunato

Sparse training reduces the memory and computational costs of deep neural networks. However, sparse optimization methods, e.g., those adding an $\ell_1$ penalty, often control sparsity only indirectly through a regularization parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Ahmad Aloradi , Tim Roith , Emanuël A. P. Habets , Daniel Tenbrinck

Structured sparsity accelerates training and inference on modern GPUs, yet it still trails unstructured dynamic sparse training (DST) in accuracy. The shortfall stems from a loss of expressivity: whereas a dense layer can realize every…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Abhishek Tyagi , Arjun Iyer , Liam Young , William H Renninger , Christopher Kanan , Yuhao Zhu

N:M Structured sparsity has garnered significant interest as a result of relatively modest overhead and improved efficiency. Additionally, this form of sparsity holds considerable appeal for reducing the memory footprint owing to their…

LOBSTER (LOss-Based SensiTivity rEgulaRization) is a method for training neural networks having a sparse topology. Let the sensitivity of a network parameter be the variation of the loss function with respect to the variation of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Enzo Tartaglione , Andrea Bragagnolo , Attilio Fiandrotti , Marco Grangetto

The pathwise coordinate optimization is one of the most important computational frameworks for high dimensional convex and nonconvex sparse learning problems. It differs from the classical coordinate optimization algorithms in three salient…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-06-06 Tuo Zhao , Han Liu , Tong Zhang

Features based on sparse representation, especially using the synthesis dictionary model, have been heavily exploited in signal processing and computer vision. However, synthesis dictionary learning typically involves NP-hard sparse coding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-17 Bihan Wen , Saiprasad Ravishankar , Yoram Bresler

Foundation models achieve state-of-the-art performance across different tasks, but their size and computational demands raise concerns about accessibility and sustainability. Existing efficiency methods often require additional retraining…

Hyperbolic deep learning has become a growing research direction in computer vision due to the unique properties afforded by the alternate embedding space. The negative curvature and exponentially growing distance metric provide a natural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ahmad Bdeir , Johannes Burchert , Lars Schmidt-Thieme , Niels Landwehr

Despite impressive performance, deep neural networks require significant memory and computation costs, prohibiting their application in resource-constrained scenarios. Sparse training is one of the most common techniques to reduce these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Bowen Lei , Dongkuan Xu , Ruqi Zhang , Shuren He , Bani K. Mallick

Deep neural networks often suffer from poor generalization due to complex and non-convex loss landscapes. Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) is a popular solution that smooths the loss landscape by minimizing the maximized change of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Peng Mi , Li Shen , Tianhe Ren , Yiyi Zhou , Tianshuo Xu , Xiaoshuai Sun , Tongliang Liu , Rongrong Ji , Dacheng Tao