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Weakly supervised text classification methods typically train a deep neural classifier based on pseudo-labels. The quality of pseudo-labels is crucial to final performance but they are inevitably noisy due to their heuristic nature, so…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Dheeraj Mekala , Chengyu Dong , Jingbo Shang

Active learning algorithms automatically identify the most informative samples from large amounts of unlabeled data and tremendously reduce human annotation effort in inducing a machine learning model. In a conventional active learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Varun Totakura , Ankita Singh , Yushun Dong , Shayok Chakraborty

Manual labelling of training examples is common practice in supervised learning. When the labelling task is of non-trivial difficulty, the supplied labels may not be equal to the ground-truth labels, and label noise is introduced into the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-04-08 Daniel Ahfock , Geoffrey J. McLachlan

Annotating data via crowdsourcing is time-consuming and expensive. Due to these costs, dataset creators often have each annotator label only a small subset of the data. This leads to sparse datasets with examples that are marked by few…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-06 London Lowmanstone , Ruyuan Wan , Risako Owan , Jaehyung Kim , Dongyeop Kang

Despite the recent advances in multi-task learning of dense prediction problems, most methods rely on expensive labelled datasets. In this paper, we present a label efficient approach and look at jointly learning of multiple dense…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Wei-Hong Li , Xialei Liu , Hakan Bilen

Learning with noisy labels in multimedia classification often combines external annotations and model predictions into a single reliability weight, even though the two sources can fail for different reasons. We instead estimate disentangled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Jingyang Mao , Ningkang Peng , Yanhui Gu

Often when multiple labels are obtained for a training example it is assumed that there is an element of noise that must be accounted for. It has been shown that this disagreement can be considered signal instead of noise. In this work we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-28 John P. Lalor , Hao Wu , Hong Yu

Due to the expensive costs of collecting labels in multi-label classification datasets, partially annotated multi-label classification has become an emerging field in computer vision. One baseline approach to this task is to assume…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Youngwook Kim , Jae Myung Kim , Jieun Jeong , Cordelia Schmid , Zeynep Akata , Jungwoo Lee

Training a deep neural network heavily relies on a large amount of training data with accurate annotations. To alleviate this problem, various methods have been proposed to annotate the data automatically. However, automatically generating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Yi Wei , Xue Mei , Xin Liu , Pengxiang Xu

In contrast to a standard closed-set domain adaptation task, partial domain adaptation setup caters to a realistic scenario by relaxing the identical label set assumption. The fact of source label set subsuming the target label set,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Sandipan Choudhuri , Hemanth Venkateswara , Arunabha Sen

We commonly use agreement measures to assess the utility of judgements made by human annotators in Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. While inter-annotator agreement is frequently used as an indication of label reliability by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Gavin Abercrombie , Tanvi Dinkar , Amanda Cercas Curry , Verena Rieser , Dirk Hovy

In multi-label learning, leveraging contrastive learning to learn better representations faces a key challenge: selecting positive and negative samples and effectively utilizing label information. Previous studies selected positive and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Ning Chen , Shen-Huan Lyu , Tian-Shuang Wu , Yanyan Wang , Bin Tang

Many existing approaches for learning from labeled data assume the existence of gold-standard labels. According to these approaches, inter-annotator disagreement is seen as noise to be removed, either through refinement of annotation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Jake Vasilakes , Chrysoula Zerva , Sophia Ananiadou

We consider multi-label classification where the goal is to annotate each data point with the most relevant $\textit{subset}$ of labels from an extremely large label set. Efficient annotation can be achieved with balanced tree predictors,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Maryam Majzoubi , Anna Choromanska

Human label variation arises when annotators assign different labels to the same item for valid reasons, while annotation errors occur when labels are assigned for invalid reasons. These two issues are prevalent in NLP benchmarks, yet…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Leon Weber-Genzel , Siyao Peng , Marie-Catherine de Marneffe , Barbara Plank

The Learning With Disagreements (LeWiDi) 2025 shared task aims to model annotator disagreement through soft label distribution prediction and perspectivist evaluation, which focuses on modeling individual annotators. We adapt DisCo…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Mandira Sawkar , Samay U. Shetty , Deepak Pandita , Tharindu Cyril Weerasooriya , Christopher M. Homan

Multi-label data stream usually contains noisy labels in the real-world applications, namely occuring in both relevant and irrelevant labels. However, existing online multi-label classification methods are mostly limited in terms of label…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Yizhang Zou , Xuegang Hu , Peipei Li , Jun Hu , You Wu

Medical tasks are prone to inter-rater variability due to multiple factors such as image quality, professional experience and training, or guideline clarity. Training deep learning networks with annotations from multiple raters is a common…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-13 Andreanne Lemay , Charley Gros , Enamundram Naga Karthik , Julien Cohen-Adad

Semi-supervised learning methods have shown promising results in solving many practical problems when only a few labels are available. The existing methods assume that the class distributions of labeled and unlabeled data are equal;…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Min Gu Kwak , Hyungu Kahng , Seoung Bum Kim

Several works in computer vision have demonstrated the effectiveness of active learning for adapting the recognition model when new unlabeled data becomes available. Most of these works consider that labels obtained from the annotator are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Sudipta Paul , Shivkumar Chandrasekaran , B. S. Manjunath , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury
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