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Adaptive optimizers, such as Adam, have achieved remarkable success in deep learning. A key component of these optimizers is the so-called preconditioning matrix, providing enhanced gradient information and regulating the step size of each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Yun Yue , Zhiling Ye , Jiadi Jiang , Yongchao Liu , Ke Zhang

Optimal selection of optimization algorithms is crucial for training deep learning models. The Adam optimizer has gained significant attention due to its efficiency and wide applicability. However, to enhance the adaptability of optimizers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Chengxi Pan , Junshang Chen , Jingrui Ye

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success across various domains, yet their optimization remains a significant challenge due to the complex and high-dimensional loss landscapes they inhabit. While adaptive optimizers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Liming Liu , Zhenghao Xu , Zixuan Zhang , Hao Kang , Zichong Li , Chen Liang , Weizhu Chen , Tuo Zhao

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a widely used algorithm in machine learning, particularly for neural network training. Recent studies on SGD for canonical quadratic optimization or linear regression show it attains well generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Haihan Zhang , Yuanshi Liu , Qianwen Chen , Cong Fang

The training of diffusion models is often absent in the evaluation of new optimization techniques. In this work, we benchmark recent optimization algorithms for training a diffusion model for denoising flow trajectories. We observe that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Fabian Schaipp

Adam is applied widely to train neural networks. Different kinds of Adam methods with different features pop out. Recently two new adam optimizers, AdaBelief and Padam are introduced among the community. We analyze these two adam optimizers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Zhaoyang Zhu , Haozhe Sun , Chi Zhang

Mixtures of linear dynamical systems (MoLDS) provide a path to model time-series data that exhibit diverse temporal dynamics across trajectories. However, its application remains challenging in complex and noisy settings, limiting its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Lulu Gong , Shreya Saxena

We introduce MVN-Grad (Momentum on Variance-Normalized Gradients), an Adam-style optimizer that improves stability and performance by combining two complementary ideas: variance-based normalization and momentum applied after normalization.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Francisco Patitucci , Aryan Mokhtari

This paper introduces EXAdam ($\textbf{EX}$tended $\textbf{Adam}$), a novel optimization algorithm that builds upon the widely-used Adam optimizer. EXAdam incorporates two key enhancements: (1) new debiasing terms for improved moment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Ahmed M. Adly

Asynchronous stochastic gradient descent (SGD) enables scalable distributed training but suffers from gradient staleness. Existing mitigation strategies, such as delay-adaptive learning rates and staleness-aware filtering, typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Tehila Dahan , Roie Reshef , Sharon Goldstein , Kfir Y. Levy

In this work and its accompanying Part II [1], we develop an accelerated algorithmic framework, DAMA (Decentralized Accelerated Minimax Approach), for nonconvex Polyak-Lojasiewicz minimax optimization over decentralized multi-agent…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-17 Haoyuan Cai , Sulaiman A. Alghunaim , Ali H. Sayed

Efficient stochastic optimization typically integrates an update direction that performs well in the deterministic regime with a mechanism adapting to stochastic perturbations. While Adam uses adaptive moment estimates to promote stability,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Minxin Zhang , Yuxuan Liu , Hayden Schaeffer

Adaptive moment methods such as Adam use a diagonal, coordinate-wise preconditioner based on exponential moving averages of squared gradients. This diagonal scaling is coordinate-system dependent and can struggle with dense or rotated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Devender Singh , Tarun Sheel

Machine learning algorithms aim to find patterns from observations, which may include some noise, especially in robotics domain. To perform well even with such noise, we expect them to be able to detect outliers and discard them when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Wendyam Eric Lionel Ilboudo , Taisuke Kobayashi , Kenji Sugimoto

Running out of GPU memory has become a main bottleneck for large-scale DNN training. How to reduce the memory footprint during training has received intensive research attention. We find that previous gradient accumulation reduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Yijia Zhang , Yibo Han , Shijie Cao , Guohao Dai , Youshan Miao , Ting Cao , Fan Yang , Ningyi Xu

Despite Adam demonstrating faster empirical convergence than SGD in many applications, much of the existing theory yields guarantees essentially comparable to those of SGD, leaving the empirical performance gap insufficiently explained. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Ruinan Jin , Yingbin Liang , Shaofeng Zou

Despite the popularity of the Adam optimizer in practice, most theoretical analyses study Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) as a proxy for Adam, and little is known about how the solutions found by Adam differ. In this paper, we show that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Xinghan Li , Haodong Wen , Kaifeng Lyu

Large language models (LLMs) are notoriously memory-intensive during training, particularly with the popular AdamW optimizer. This memory burden necessitates using more or higher-end GPUs or reducing batch sizes, limiting training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Hanqing Zhu , Zhenyu Zhang , Wenyan Cong , Xi Liu , Sem Park , Vikas Chandra , Bo Long , David Z. Pan , Zhangyang Wang , Jinwon Lee

Many machine learning models, including those with non-smooth regularizers, can be formulated as consensus optimization problems, which can be solved by the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). Many recent efforts have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-27 Rui Zhu , Di Niu , Zongpeng Li

Accelerated gradient-based methods are being extensively used for solving non-convex machine learning problems, especially when the data points are abundant or the available data is distributed across several agents. Two of the prominent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Kushal Chakrabarti , Nikhil Chopra