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This paper proposes a unified control framework based on Response-Aware Risk-Constrained Control Barrier Function for dynamic safety boundary control of vehicles. Addressing the problem of physical model parameter mismatch, the framework…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-27 Qijun Liao , Jue Yang

Reinforcement learning (RL) methods have demonstrated their efficiency in simulation environments. However, many applications for which RL offers great potential, such as autonomous driving, are also safety critical and require a certified…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-19 Kim P. Wabersich , Lukas Hewing , Andrea Carron , Melanie N. Zeilinger

This paper proposes a novel approach for Asset-Liability Management (ALM) by employing continuous-time Reinforcement Learning (RL) with a linear-quadratic (LQ) formulation that incorporates both interim and terminal objectives. We develop a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yilie Huang

Increasingly demanding performance requirements for dynamical systems motivates the adoption of nonlinear and adaptive control techniques. One challenge is the nonlinearity of the resulting closed-loop system complicates verification that…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-10-03 John F. Quindlen , Ufuk Topcu , Girish Chowdhary , Jonathan P. How

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising paradigm in complex and continuous robotic tasks, however, safe exploration has been one of the main challenges, especially in contact-rich manipulation tasks in unstructured…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Heng Zhang , Gokhan Solak , Gustavo J. G. Lahr , Arash Ajoudani

RL with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has emerged as a promising paradigm for improving the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs). Current methods rely primarily on policy optimization frameworks like PPO and GRPO, which follow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Haoran He , Yuxiao Ye , Qingpeng Cai , Chen Hu , Binxing Jiao , Daxin Jiang , Ling Pan

Many real-world settings involve costs for performing actions; transaction costs in financial systems and fuel costs being common examples. In these settings, performing actions at each time step quickly accumulates costs leading to vastly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 David Mguni , Aivar Sootla , Juliusz Ziomek , Oliver Slumbers , Zipeng Dai , Kun Shao , Jun Wang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents in the real world must satisfy safety constraints in addition to maximizing a reward objective. Model-based RL algorithms hold promise for reducing unsafe real-world actions: they may synthesize policies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Yecheng Jason Ma , Andrew Shen , Osbert Bastani , Dinesh Jayaraman

Prior authorization (PA) requires interpretation of complex and fragmented coverage policies, yet existing retrieval-augmented systems rely on static top-$K$ strategies with fixed numbers of retrieved sections. Such fixed retrieval can be…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Ruslan Sharifullin , Maxim Gorshkov , Hannah Clay

Sequence-based visual place recognition (VPR) for SLAM and robot relocalization must decide whether the retrieved top-1 candidate is safe to accept. Conformal prediction is a natural framework for this accept/reject decision, but its…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Ha Sier , Jiaqiang Zhang , Zhuo Zou , Xianjia Yu , Tomi Westerlund

LCRL is a software tool that implements model-free Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms over unknown Markov Decision Processes (MDPs), synthesising policies that satisfy a given linear temporal specification with maximal probability. LCRL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Hosein Hasanbeig , Daniel Kroening , Alessandro Abate

Offline safe reinforcement learning (OSRL) involves learning a decision-making policy to maximize rewards from a fixed batch of training data to satisfy pre-defined safety constraints. However, adapting to varying safety constraints during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Yassine Chemingui , Aryan Deshwal , Honghao Wei , Alan Fern , Janardhan Rao Doppa

This paper presents adaptive conformal selection (ACS), an interactive framework for model-free selection with guaranteed error control. Building on conformal selection (Jin and Cand\`es, 2023b), ACS generalizes the approach to support…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-22 Yu Gui , Ying Jin , Yash Nair , Zhimei Ren

Recent work applies Large Language Models (LLMs) to source-code vulnerability detection, but most evaluations still rely on random train-test splits that ignore time and overestimate real-world performance. In practice, detectors are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Xuhui Dou , Hayretdin Bahsi , Alejandro Guerra-Manzanares

Conformal prediction provides rigorous distribution-free finite-sample guarantees for marginal coverage under the assumption of exchangeability, but may exhibit systematic undercoverage or overcoverage for specific subpopulations. Assessing…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-24 Zheng Zhou , Xiangfei Zhang , Chongguang Tao , Yuhong Yang

Uncertainty quantification is necessary for developers, physicians, and regulatory agencies to build trust in machine learning predictors and improve patient care. Beyond measuring uncertainty, it is crucial to express it in clinically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Jacopo Teneggi , J Webster Stayman , Jeremias Sulam

The airworthiness and safety of a non-pedigreed autopilot must be verified, but the cost to formally do so can be prohibitive. We can bypass formal verification of non-pedigreed components by incorporating Runtime Safety Assurance (RTSA) as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Christopher Lazarus , James G. Lopez , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Real-world reinforcement learning (RL) problems often demand that agents behave safely by obeying a set of designed constraints. We address the challenge of safe RL by coupling a safety guide based on model predictive control (MPC) with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Samuel Pfrommer , Tanmay Gautam , Alec Zhou , Somayeh Sojoudi

In this work, we study the sample complexity problem of risk-sensitive Reinforcement Learning (RL) with a generative model, where we aim to maximize the Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) with risk tolerance level $\tau$ at each step, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Zilong Deng , Simon Khan , Shaofeng Zou

An election audit is risk-limiting if the audit limits (to a pre-specified threshold) the chance that an erroneous electoral outcome will be certified. Extant methods for auditing instant-runoff voting (IRV) elections are either not…

Applications · Statistics 2023-10-06 Alexander Ek , Philip B. Stark , Peter J. Stuckey , Damjan Vukcevic
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