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We study the problem of in-context learning (ICL) with large language models (LLMs) on private datasets. This scenario poses privacy risks, as LLMs may leak or regurgitate the private examples demonstrated in the prompt. We propose a novel…

Face identity provides a powerful signal for deepfake detection. Prior studies show that even when not explicitly modeled, classifiers often learn identity features implicitly. This has led to conflicting views: some suppress identity cues…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Younghun Kim , Minsuk Jang , Myung-Joon Kwon , Wonjun Lee , Changick Kim

Individuals' concerns about data privacy and AI safety are highly contextualized and extend beyond sensitive patterns. Addressing these issues requires reasoning about the context to identify and mitigate potential risks. Though researchers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Haoran Li , Yulin Chen , Huihao Jing , Wenbin Hu , Tsz Ho Li , Chanhou Lou , Hong Ting Tsang , Sirui Han , Yangqiu Song

Differential privacy (DP) has become the gold standard for privacy-preserving data analysis, but its applicability can be limited in scenarios involving complex dependencies between sensitive information and datasets. To address this, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Tao Zhang , Bradley A. Malin , Netanel Raviv , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly deployed in personalized tasks involving sensitive, context-dependent information, where privacy violations may arise in agents' action due to the implicitness of contextual privacy.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yuhan Cheng , Hancheng Ye , Hai Helen Li , Jingwei Sun , Yiran Chen

On-policy self-distillation, where a student is pulled toward a copy of itself conditioned on privileged context (e.g., a verified solution or feedback), offers a promising direction for advancing reasoning capability without a stronger…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Guobin Shen , Xiang Cheng , Chenxiao Zhao , Lei Huang , Jindong Li , Dongcheng Zhao , Xing Yu

The multicontextual nature of immersive VR makes it difficult to ensure contextual integrity of VR-generated information flows using existing privacy design and policy mechanisms. In this position paper, we call on the HCI community to do…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Karoline Brehm , Yan Shvartzshnaider , David Goedicke

In this paper, we argue that mutual distillation between reinforcement learning policies serves as an implicit regularization, preventing them from overfitting to irrelevant features. We highlight two separate contributions: (i)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Zhengpeng Xie , Jiahang Cao , Changwei Wang , Fan Yang , Marco Hutter , Qiang Zhang , Jianxiong Zhang , Renjing Xu

Federated learning (FL) is a widely adopted privacy-preserving distributed learning framework, yet its generalization performance remains less explored compared to centralized learning. In FL, the generalization error consists of two…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-05 Ziqiao Wang , Cheng Long , Yongyi Mao

Knowledge distillation in neural networks refers to compressing a large model or dataset into a smaller version of itself. We introduce Privacy Distillation, a framework that allows a text-to-image generative model to teach another model…

Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI) is an identity model centered on the user. The user maintains and controls their data in this model. When a service provider requests data from the user, the user sends it directly to the service provider,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Frederico Schardong , Ricardo Custódio

Identifying contextual integrity (CI) and governing knowledge commons (GKC) parameters in privacy policy texts can facilitate normative privacy analysis. However, GKC-CI annotation has heretofore required manual or crowdsourced effort. This…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Jake Chanenson , Madison Pickering , Noah Apthorpe

Despite their strong performance, large language models (LLMs) face challenges in real-world application of lexical simplification (LS), particularly in privacy-sensitive and resource-constrained environments. Moreover, since vulnerable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Akio Hayakawa , Stefan Bott , Horacio Saggion

Collaborative inference in next-generation networks can enhance Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications, including autonomous driving, personal identification, and activity classification. This method involves a three-stage process: a)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Mohamed Seif , Yuqi Nie , Andrea Goldsmith , Vincent Poor

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly use persistent memory from past interactions to enhance personalization and task performance. However, this memory introduces critical risks when sensitive information is revealed in inappropriate…

Knowledge distillation improves large language model (LLM) reasoning by compressing the knowledge of a teacher LLM to train smaller LLMs. On-policy distillation advances this approach by having the student sample its own trajectories while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Siyan Zhao , Zhihui Xie , Mengchen Liu , Jing Huang , Guan Pang , Feiyu Chen , Aditya Grover

The performance of modern machine learning systems depends on access to large, high-quality datasets, often sourced from user-generated content or proprietary, domain-specific corpora. However, these rich datasets inherently contain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Zhan Shi , Yefeng Yuan , Yuhong Liu , Liang Cheng , Yi Fang

Federated learning is an important privacy-preserving multi-party learning paradigm, involving collaborative learning with others and local updating on private data. Model heterogeneity and catastrophic forgetting are two crucial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Wenke Huang , Mang Ye , Zekun Shi , Bo Du

The proliferation of LLM-based agents has led to increasing deployment of inter-agent collaboration for tasks like scheduling, negotiation, resource allocation etc. In such systems, privacy is critical, as agents often access proprietary…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Gurusha Juneja , Alon Albalak , Wenyue Hua , William Yang Wang

CPU-based trusted execution environments (TEEs) and differential privacy (DP) have gained wide applications for private inference. Due to high inference latency in TEEs, researchers use partition-based approaches that offload linear model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Honglan Yu , Yibin Wang , Feifei Dai , Dong Liu , Haihui Fan , Xiaoyan Gu