English
Related papers

Related papers: GrandGuard: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Safeguards fo…

200 papers

The misuse of large language models (LLMs) has drawn significant attention from the general public and LLM vendors. One particular type of adversarial prompt, known as jailbreak prompt, has emerged as the main attack vector to bypass the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Xinyue Shen , Zeyuan Chen , Michael Backes , Yun Shen , Yang Zhang

Recent researches have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) are susceptible to a security threat known as Backdoor Attack. The backdoored model will behave well in normal cases but exhibit malicious behaviours on inputs inserted with a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Yunzhuo Hao , Wenkai Yang , Yankai Lin

As large language models (LLMs) develop increasingly sophisticated capabilities and find applications in medical settings, it becomes important to assess their medical safety due to their far-reaching implications for personal and public…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Tessa Han , Aounon Kumar , Chirag Agarwal , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced natural language processing (NLP) tasks but also pose ethical and societal risks due to their propensity to generate harmful content. Existing methods have limitations, including the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Ximing Dong , Dayi Lin , Shaowei Wang , Ahmed E. Hassan

Efforts to ensure the safety of large language models (LLMs) include safety fine-tuning, evaluation, and red teaming. However, despite the widespread use of the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) framework, AI safety work focuses on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Bang An , Shiyue Zhang , Mark Dredze

We introduce Llama Guard 3 Vision, a multimodal LLM-based safeguard for human-AI conversations that involves image understanding: it can be used to safeguard content for both multimodal LLM inputs (prompt classification) and outputs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Jianfeng Chi , Ujjwal Karn , Hongyuan Zhan , Eric Smith , Javier Rando , Yiming Zhang , Kate Plawiak , Zacharie Delpierre Coudert , Kartikeya Upasani , Mahesh Pasupuleti

As large language models (LLMs) become integrated into various sensitive applications, prompt injection, the use of prompting to induce harmful behaviors from LLMs, poses an ever increasing risk. Prompt injection attacks can cause LLMs to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Isaac Wu , Michael Maslowski

Large Language Models (LLMs) are being integrated into applications such as chatbots or email assistants. To prevent improper responses, safety mechanisms, such as Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), are implemented in them.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Matteo Gioele Collu , Tom Janssen-Groesbeek , Stefanos Koffas , Mauro Conti , Stjepan Picek

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly mediate emotionally sensitive conversations, especially in mental health contexts, their ability to recognize and respond to high-risk situations becomes a matter of public safety. This study…

Safeguard models help large language models (LLMs) detect and block harmful content, but most evaluations remain English-centric and overlook linguistic and cultural diversity. Existing multilingual safety benchmarks often rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Panuthep Tasawong , Jian Gang Ngui , Alham Fikri Aji , Trevor Cohn , Peerat Limkonchotiwat

Powered by remarkable advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities in manifold tasks. However, the practical application scenarios of MLLMs are intricate,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Tianle Gu , Zeyang Zhou , Kexin Huang , Dandan Liang , Yixu Wang , Haiquan Zhao , Yuanqi Yao , Xingge Qiao , Keqing Wang , Yujiu Yang , Yan Teng , Yu Qiao , Yingchun Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to control robotic systems such as drones, but their risks of causing physical threats and harm in real-world applications remain unexplored. Our study addresses the critical gap in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Yung-Chen Tang , Pin-Yu Chen , Tsung-Yi Ho

Tool-augmented Large Language Model (LLM) agents have demonstrated impressive capabilities in automating complex, multi-step real-world tasks, yet remain vulnerable to indirect prompt injection. Adversaries exploit this weakness by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Wei Zhao , Zhe Li , Peixin Zhang , Jun Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) are susceptible to adversarial attacks such as jailbreaking, which can elicit harmful or unsafe behaviors. This vulnerability is exacerbated in multilingual settings, where multilingual safety-aligned data is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yahan Yang , Soham Dan , Shuo Li , Dan Roth , Insup Lee

The security concerns surrounding Large Language Models (LLMs) have been extensively explored, yet the safety of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) remains understudied. In this paper, we observe that Multimodal Large Language Models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Xin Liu , Yichen Zhu , Jindong Gu , Yunshi Lan , Chao Yang , Yu Qiao

Dialogue safety remains a pervasive challenge in open-domain human-machine interaction. Existing approaches propose distinctive dialogue safety taxonomies and datasets for detecting explicitly harmful responses. However, these taxonomies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Huachuan Qiu , Tong Zhao , Anqi Li , Shuai Zhang , Hongliang He , Zhenzhong Lan

Large Language Models (LLMs), like ChatGPT, have demonstrated vast potential but also introduce challenges related to content constraints and potential misuse. Our study investigates three key research questions: (1) the number of different…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Yi Liu , Gelei Deng , Zhengzi Xu , Yuekang Li , Yaowen Zheng , Ying Zhang , Lida Zhao , Tianwei Zhang , Kailong Wang , Yang Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for mental-health support; yet prevailing evaluation methods--fluency metrics, preference tests, and generic dialogue benchmarks--fail to capture the clinically critical dimensions of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Fangrui Huang , Souhad Chbeir , Arpandeep Khatua , Sheng Wang , Sijun Tan , Kenan Ye , Lily Bailey , Merryn Daniel , Ryan Louie , Sanmi Koyejo , Ehsan Adeli

As LLMs become widespread across diverse applications, concerns about the security and safety of LLM interactions have intensified. Numerous guardrail models and benchmarks have been developed to ensure LLM content safety. However, existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Mintong Kang , Zhaorun Chen , Chejian Xu , Jiawei Zhang , Chengquan Guo , Minzhou Pan , Ivan Revilla , Yu Sun , Bo Li

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are a proven approach to secure networks. However, in a privately used network, it is difficult for users without cybersecurity expertise to understand IDS alerts, and to respond in time with adequate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Victor Jüttner , Martin Grimmer , Erik Buchmann