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Generative AI systems are increasingly deployed as interactive agents in online environments, such as a social network called Moltbook. In Moltbook, large-scale agentic AIs can post, comment, and engage in activities generated at scale by…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Syed Mhamudul Hasan , Abdur R. Shahid

Emotions, as a fundamental ingredient of any social interaction, lead to behaviors that represent the effectiveness of the interaction through facial expressions and gestures in humans. Hence an agent must possess the social and cognitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Muhammad Arslan Raza , Muhammad Shoaib Farooq , Adel Khelifi , Atif Alvi

Narratives about artificial intelligence (AI) entangle autonomy, the capacity to self-govern, with sentience, the capacity to sense and feel. AI agents that perform tasks autonomously and companions that recognize and express emotions may…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Janet V. T. Pauketat , Daniel B. Shank , Aikaterina Manoli , Jacy Reese Anthis

In this paper, we propose an end-to-end sentiment-aware conversational agent based on two models: a reply sentiment prediction model, which leverages the context of the dialogue to predict an appropriate sentiment for the agent to express…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Isabel Dias , Ricardo Rei , Patrícia Pereira , Luisa Coheur

Advances in machine intelligence have enabled conversational interfaces that have the potential to radically change the way humans interact with machines. However, even with the progress in the abilities of these agents, there remain…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-10-17 Deepali Aneja , Rens Hoegen , Daniel McDuff , Mary Czerwinski

Flexible and natural nonverbal reactions to human behavior remain a challenge for socially interactive agents (SIAs) that are predominantly animated using hand-crafted rules. While recently proposed machine learning based approaches to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Daksitha Withanage Don , Philipp Müller , Fabrizio Nunnari , Elisabeth André , Patrick Gebhard

Automatic emotion recognition plays a key role in computer-human interaction as it has the potential to enrich the next-generation artificial intelligence with emotional intelligence. It finds applications in customer and/or representative…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Sarala Padi , Seyed Omid Sadjadi , Dinesh Manocha , Ram D. Sriram

Humans are emotional creatures. Multiple modalities are often involved when we express emotions, whether we do so explicitly (e.g., facial expression, speech) or implicitly (e.g., text, image). Enabling machines to have emotional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-10 Sicheng Zhao , Guoli Jia , Jufeng Yang , Guiguang Ding , Kurt Keutzer

Human communication involves a complex interplay of verbal and nonverbal signals, essential for conveying meaning and achieving interpersonal goals. To develop socially intelligent AI technologies, it is crucial to develop models that can…

Modern day conversational agents are trained to emulate the manner in which humans communicate. To emotionally bond with the user, these virtual agents need to be aware of the affective state of the user. Transformers are the recent state…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Raman Goel , Seba Susan , Sachin Vashisht , Armaan Dhanda

An important application of interactive machine learning is extending or amplifying the cognitive and physical capabilities of a human. To accomplish this, machines need to learn about their human users' intentions and adapt to their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-06-10 Vivek Veeriah , Patrick M. Pilarski , Richard S. Sutton

Recently, large language models have facilitated the emergence of highly intelligent conversational AI capable of engaging in human-like dialogues. However, a notable distinction lies in the fact that these AI models predominantly generate…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Jijie Zhou , Yuhan Hu

Current Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents operate primarily under a reactive paradigm: a user must provide an explicit instruction for the agent to execute a task. However, an intelligent AI assistant should be proactive, which is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yuxiang Chai , Shunye Tang , Han Xiao , Rui Liu , Hongsheng Li

Effective and safe human-machine collaboration requires the regulated and meaningful exchange of emotions between humans and artificial intelligence (AI). Current AI systems based on large language models (LLMs) can provide feedback that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Xiuwen Wu , Hao Wang , Zhiang Yan , Xiaohan Tang , Pengfei Xu , Wai-Ting Siok , Ping Li , Jia-Hong Gao , Bingjiang Lyu , Lang Qin

Quantitative research of emotions in psychology and machine-learning methods for extracting emotion components from text messages open an avenue for physical science to explore the nature of stochastic processes in which emotions play a…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2014-04-17 Bosiljka Tadic , Vladimir Gligorijevic , Marcin Skowron , Milovan Suvakov

People are increasingly turning to generative AI (e.g., ChatGPT, Gemini, Copilot) for emotional support and companionship. While trust is likely to play a central role in enabling these informal and unsupervised interactions, we still lack…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Riccardo Volpato , Simone Stumpf , Lisa DeBruine

Multimodal Emotion Recognition (MER) aims to perceive human emotions through three modes: language, vision, and audio. Previous methods primarily focused on modal fusion without adequately addressing significant distributional differences…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Jichao Zhu , Jun Yu

Most existing emotion analysis emphasizes which emotion arises (e.g., happy, sad, angry) but neglects the deeper why. We propose Emotion Interpretation (EI), focusing on causal factors-whether explicit (e.g., observable objects,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Yuxiang Lin , Jingdong Sun , Zhi-Qi Cheng , Jue Wang , Haomin Liang , Zebang Cheng , Yifei Dong , Jun-Yan He , Xiaojiang Peng , Xian-Sheng Hua

Semantic interaction (SI) attempts to learn the user's cognitive intents as they directly manipulate data projections during sensemaking activity. For text analysis, prior implementations of SI have used common data features, such as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Yali Bian , Michelle Dowling , Chris North

User simulation is an emerging interdisciplinary topic with multiple critical applications in the era of Generative AI. It involves creating an intelligent agent that mimics the actions of a human user interacting with an AI system,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Krisztian Balog , ChengXiang Zhai