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Diffusion-based inverse algorithms have shown remarkable performance across various inverse problems, yet their reliance on numerous denoising steps incurs high computational costs. While recent developments of fast diffusion ODE solvers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jiawei Zhang , Ziyuan Liu , Leon Yan , Gen Li , Yuantao Gu

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across various artificial intelligence tasks. However, their enormous sizes and computational demands pose significant challenges for the deployment on edge devices. To address…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Kai Zhang , Hengtao He , Shenghui Song , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Mixture of Experts (MoE) LLMs, characterized by their sparse activation patterns, offer a promising approach to scaling language models while avoiding proportionally increasing the inference cost. However, their large parameter sizes…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yichao Yuan , Lin Ma , Nishil Talati

Diffusion-based large language models (dLLMs) are gaining attention for their inherent capacity for parallel decoding, offering a compelling alternative to autoregressive LLMs. Among various decoding strategies, block-wise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Guanxi Lu , Hao Mark Chen , Yuto Karashima , Zhican Wang , Daichi Fujiki , Hongxiang Fan

Diffusion Multi-modal Large Language Models (dMLLMs) have recently emerged as a novel architecture unifying image generation and understanding. However, developing effective and efficient Test-Time Scaling (TTS) methods to unlock their full…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yi Xin , Siqi Luo , Tianxiang Xu , Qi Qin , Haoxing Chen , Kaiwen Zhu , Zhiwei Zhang , Yangfan He , Rongchao Zhang , Jinbin Bai , Shuo Cao , Bin Fu , Junjun He , Yihao Liu , Yuewen Cao , Xiaohong Liu

Diffusion models have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in generating high-fidelity images but typically suffer from inefficient sampling. Many solver designs and noise scheduling strategies have been proposed to dramatically improve…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-01 Tianrong Chen , Huangjie Zheng , David Berthelot , Jiatao Gu , Josh Susskind , Shuangfei Zhai

Prefill-Decode (P/D) disaggregation has emerged as a widely adopted optimization strategy for Large Language Model (LLM) inference. However, there currently exists no well-established methodology for determining the optimal number of P/D…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Luchang Li , Dongfang Li , Bozhao Gong , Yu Zhang

Decentralized LLM inference distributes computation among heterogeneous nodes across the internet, offering a performant and cost-efficient solution, alternative to traditional centralized inference. However, the low cross-node network…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Jiu Chen , Shuangyan Yang , Xu Xiong , Hexiao Duan , Xinran Zhang , Jie Ren , Dong Li

While diffusion language models (DLMs) offer a promising alternative to autoregressive models (ARs), existing open-source DLMs suffer from high inference latency. This bottleneck is mainly due to the attention's quadratic complexity with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zeqing Wang , Gongfan Fang , Xinyin Ma , Xingyi Yang , Xinchao Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing but face critical deployment challenges in device-edge systems due to resource limitations and communication overhead. To address these issues, collaborative…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-18 Jiahong Ning , Ce Zheng , Tingting Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are predominantly deployed as dense transformers, where every parameter in every feed-forward block is activated for every token. While architecturally simple, this is computationally inefficient, since…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Ivan Novikov

Recent advances in autonomous LLM agents demonstrate their ability to improve performance through iterative interaction with the environment. We define this paradigm as Test-Time Improvement (TTI). However, the mechanisms under how and why…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Hang Yan , Xinyu Che , Fangzhi Xu , Qiushi Sun , Zichen Ding , Kanzhi Cheng , Jian Zhang , Tao Qin , Jun Liu , Qika Lin

Vision-language models (VLMs) predominantly rely on autoregressive decoding, which generates tokens one at a time and fundamentally limits inference throughput. This limitation is especially acute in physical AI scenarios such as robotics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Chengyue Wu , Shiyi Lan , Yonggan Fu , Sensen Gao , Jin Wang , Jincheng Yu , Jose M. Alvarez , Pavlo Molchanov , Ping Luo , Song Han , Ligeng Zhu , Enze Xie

The Diffusion Transformer (DiT) architecture is the state-of-the-art paradigm for high-fidelity image generation, underpinning models like Stable Diffusion-3 and FLUX.1. However, deploying these models on resource-constrained mobile devices…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Kunpeng Du , Haizhen Xie , Sen Lu , Lei Yu , Binglei Bao , Huaao Tang , Chuntao Liu , Hao Wu , Yang Zhao , Zhicai Huang , Heyuan Gao , Zhijun Tu , Jie Hu , Xinghao Chen

We introduced Temporally Incremental Disparity Estimation Network (TIDE-Net), a learning-based technique for disparity computation in mono-camera structured light systems. In our hardware setting, a static pattern is projected onto a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Rukun Qiao , Hiroshi Kawasaki , Hongbin Zha

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide range of tasks, but serving them efficiently at scale remains a critical challenge due to their substantial computational and latency demands. While most existing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Yifan Sun , Gholamreza Haffari , Minxian Xu , Rajkumar Buyya , Adel N. Toosi

The proliferation of large language models (LLMs) is accelerating the integration of multimodal assistants into edge devices, where inference is executed under stringent latency and energy constraints, often exacerbated by intermittent…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Yanru Chen , Runyang Tian , Yue Pan , Zheyu Li , Weihong Xu , Tajana Rosing

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) based Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance and computational efficiency. However, their deployment is often constrained by substantial memory demands, primarily due to the need to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Jiawei Hao , Zhiwei Hao , Jianyuan Guo , Li Shen , Yong Luo , Han Hu , Dan Zeng

Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs) deliver strong long-context processing capability in a non-autoregressive decoding paradigm. However, the considerable computational cost of bidirectional full attention limits the inference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Lingkun Long , Yushi Huang , Shihao Bai , Ruihao Gong , Jun Zhang , Ao Zhou , Jianlei Yang

Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs) offer fast, parallel token generation, but their standalone use is plagued by an inherent efficiency-quality tradeoff. We show that, if carefully applied, the attributes of dLLMs can actually be a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Rui Pan , Zhuofu Chen , Hongyi Liu , Arvind Krishnamurthy , Ravi Netravali