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Processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures have demonstrated great potential in accelerating numerous deep learning tasks. Particularly, resistive random-access memory (RRAM) devices provide a promising hardware substrate to build PIM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Weidong Cao , Yilong Zhao , Adith Boloor , Yinhe Han , Xuan Zhang , Li Jiang

Neural networks (NNs) are growing in importance and complexity. A neural network's performance (and energy efficiency) can be bound either by computation or memory resources. The processing-in-memory (PIM) paradigm, where computation is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Geraldo F. Oliveira , Juan Gómez-Luna , Saugata Ghose , Amirali Boroumand , Onur Mutlu

Recent research has sought to accelerate cryptographic hash functions as they are at the core of modern cryptography. Traditional designs, however, suffer from the von Neumann bottleneck that originates from the separation of processing and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Batel Oved , Orian Leitersdorf , Ronny Ronen , Shahar Kvatinsky

Data movement between memory and processors is a major bottleneck in modern computing systems. The processing-in-memory (PIM) paradigm aims to alleviate this bottleneck by performing computation inside memory chips. Real PIM hardware (e.g.,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Jinfan Chen , Juan Gómez-Luna , Izzat El Hajj , Yuxin Guo , Onur Mutlu

Processing-in-memory (PIM) is a promising computing paradigm to tackle the "memory wall" challenge. However, PIM system-level benefits over traditional von Neumann architecture can be reduced when the memory array cannot fully store all the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Peilin Chen , Xiaoxuan Yang

Processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures are emerging to reduce data movement in data-intensive applications. These architectures seek to exploit the same physical devices for both information storage and logic, thereby dwarfing the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Orian Leitersdorf , Ronny Ronen , Shahar Kvatinsky

Today's computing systems require moving data back-and-forth between computing resources (e.g., CPUs, GPUs, accelerators) and off-chip main memory so that computation can take place on the data. Unfortunately, this data movement is a major…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Geraldo F. Oliveira , Amirali Boroumand , Saugata Ghose , Juan Gómez-Luna , Onur Mutlu

Processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures bring computation closer to data, reducing the processor-memory transfer bottleneck in traditional processor-centric designs. Novel hardware solutions, such as UPMEM's in-memory processing…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Peterson Yuhala , Mpoki Mwaisela , Pascal Felber , Valerio Schiavoni

Modern Machine Learning (ML) training on large-scale datasets is a very time-consuming workload. It relies on the optimization algorithm Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) due to its effectiveness, simplicity, and generalization performance.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Steve Rhyner , Haocong Luo , Juan Gómez-Luna , Mohammad Sadrosadati , Jiawei Jiang , Ataberk Olgun , Harshita Gupta , Ce Zhang , Onur Mutlu

Private information retrieval (PIR) is a cryptographic primitive that allows a client to securely query one or multiple servers without revealing their specific interests. In spite of their strong security guarantees, current PIR…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Mpoki Mwaisela , Peterson Yuhala , Pascal Felber , Valerio Schiavoni

The performance gap between memory and processor has grown rapidly. Consequently, the energy and wall-clock time costs associated with moving data between the CPU and main memory predominate the overall computational cost. The…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Qingcai Jiang , Shaojie Tan , Junshi Chen , Hong An

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) is a technique that allows arbitrary computations to be performed on encrypted data without the need for decryption, making it ideal for securing many emerging applications. However, FHE computation is…

Processing-In-Memory (PIM) is a novel approach that augments existing DRAM memory chips with lightweight logic. By allowing to offload computations to the PIM system, this architecture allows for circumventing the data-bottleneck problem…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-18 André Lopes , Daniel Castro , Paolo Romano

Training machine learning algorithms is a computationally intensive process, which is frequently memory-bound due to repeatedly accessing large training datasets. As a result, processor-centric systems (e.g., CPU, GPU) suffer from costly…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Juan Gómez-Luna , Yuxin Guo , Sylvan Brocard , Julien Legriel , Remy Cimadomo , Geraldo F. Oliveira , Gagandeep Singh , Onur Mutlu

Bulk-bitwise processing-in-memory (PIM), where large bitwise operations are performed in parallel by the memory array itself, is an emerging form of computation with the potential to mitigate the memory wall problem. This paper examines the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Ben Perach , Ronny Ronen , Benny Kimelfeld , Shahar Kvatinsky

Homomorphic encryption (HE) allows direct computations on encrypted data. Despite numerous research efforts, the practicality of HE schemes remains to be demonstrated. In this regard, the enormous size of ciphertexts involved in HE…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Dayane Reis , Jonathan Takeshita , Taeho Jung , Michael Niemier , Xiaobo Sharon Hu

The performance and efficiency of running large-scale datasets on traditional computing systems exhibit critical bottlenecks due to the existing "power wall" and "memory wall" problems. To resolve those problems, processing-in-memory (PIM)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Yinglin Zhao , Jianlei Yang , Bing Li , Xingzhou Cheng , Xucheng Ye , Xueyan Wang , Xiaotao Jia , Zhaohao Wang , Youguang Zhang , Weisheng Zhao

Developing kernels for Processing-In-Memory (PIM) platforms poses unique challenges in data management and parallel programming on limited processing units. Although software development kits (SDKs) for PIM, such as the UPMEM SDK, provide…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Krystian Chmielewski , Jarosław Ławnicki , Uladzislau Lukyanau , Tadeusz Kobus , Maciej Maciejewski

Processing-in-Memory (PIM) enhances memory with computational capabilities, potentially solving energy and latency issues associated with data transfer between memory and processors. However, managing concurrent computation and data flow…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Ahmed Mamdouh , Haoran Geng , Michael Niemier , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Dayane Reis

Processing-in-memory (PIM), as a novel computing paradigm, provides significant performance benefits from the aspect of effective data movement reduction. SRAM-based PIM has been demonstrated as one of the most promising candidates due to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Cenlin Duan , Jianlei Yang , Xiaolin He , Yingjie Qi , Yikun Wang , Yiou Wang , Ziyan He , Bonan Yan , Xueyan Wang , Xiaotao Jia , Weitao Pan , Weisheng Zhao