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Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems lose retrieval accuracy when similar documents coexist in the vector database, causing unnecessary information, hallucinations, and factual errors. To alleviate this issue, we propose CHOP, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Hyunseok Park , Jihyeon Kim , Jongeun Kim , Dongsik Yoon

Legal passage retrieval is an important task that assists legal practitioners in the time-intensive process of finding relevant precedents to support legal arguments. This study investigates the task of retrieving legal passages or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Larissa Mori , Carlos Sousa de Oliveira , Yuehwern Yih , Mario Ventresca

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a promising technology for legal document consultation, yet its application in Chinese legal scenarios faces two key limitations: existing benchmarks lack specialized support for joint…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yaocong Li , Qiang Lan , Leihan Zhang , Le Zhang

Legal Case Retrieval (LCR), which retrieves relevant cases from a query case, is a fundamental task for legal professionals in research and decision-making. However, existing studies on LCR face two major limitations. First, they are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Chaeeun Kim , Jinu Lee , Wonseok Hwang

Researchers in the political and social sciences often rely on classification models to analyze trends in information consumption by examining browsing histories of millions of webpages. Automated scalable methods are necessary due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Julian Schelb , Roberto Ulloa , Andreas Spitz

The effectiveness upper bound of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is fundamentally constrained by the semantic integrity and information granularity of text chunks in its knowledge base. To address these challenges, this paper proposes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Jihao Zhao , Daixuan Li , Pengfei Li , Shuaishuai Zu , Biao Qin , Hongyan Liu

Legal work, characterized by its text-heavy and resource-intensive nature, presents unique challenges and opportunities for NLP research. While data-driven approaches have advanced the field, their lack of interpretability and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Oliver Wardas , Florian Matthes

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems for biomedical literature are typically evaluated using ranking metrics like Mean Reciprocal Rank (MRR), which measure how well the system identifies the single most relevant chunk. We argue that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Pouria Mortezaagha , Arya Rahgozar

Chunking is a crucial preprocessing step in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems, significantly impacting retrieval effectiveness across diverse datasets. In this study, we systematically evaluate fixed-size chunking strategies and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Sinchana Ramakanth Bhat , Max Rudat , Jannis Spiekermann , Nicolas Flores-Herr

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems are increasingly vital for navigating the ever-expanding body of scientific literature, particularly in high-stakes domains such as chemistry. Despite the promise of RAG, foundational design…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Mahmoud Amiri , Thomas Bocklitz

Chunking strategies significantly impact the effectiveness of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems. Existing methods operate within fixed-granularity paradigms that rely on static boundary identification, limiting their adaptability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Wenxuan Zhang , Yuan-Hao Jiang , Yang Cao , Yonghe Wu

In this paper, we present our approaches for the case law retrieval and the legal case entailment task in the Competition on Legal Information Extraction/Entailment (COLIEE) 2021. As first stage retrieval methods combined with neural…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Sophia Althammer , Arian Askari , Suzan Verberne , Allan Hanbury

Chunking quality determines RAG system performance. Current methods partition documents individually, but complex queries need information scattered across multiple sources: the knowledge fragmentation problem. We introduce Cross-Document…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Mile Stankovic

The growing complexity of legal cases has lead to an increasing interest in legal information retrieval systems that can effectively satisfy user-specific information needs. However, such downstream systems typically require documents to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Dennis Aumiller , Satya Almasian , Sebastian Lackner , Michael Gertz

Urban systems are managed using complex textual documentation that need coding and analysis to set requirements and evaluate built environment performance. This paper contributes to the study of applying large-language models (LLM) to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Joshua Rodriguez , Om Sanan , Guillermo Vizarreta-Luna , Steven A. Conrad

Prompt compression methods enhance the efficiency of Large Language Models (LLMs) and minimize the cost by reducing the length of input context. The goal of prompt compression is to shorten the LLM prompt while maintaining a high generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Tinghui Zhang , Yifan Wang , Daisy Zhe Wang

Identifying relevant legal precedents remains challenging, as most retrieval methods emphasize factual similarity over legal issues, and current systems often lack explanations clarifying case relevance. This paper proposes the use of Large…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Vishnuprabha V , Daleesha M Viswanathan , Rajesh R , Aneesh V Pillai

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has proven effective in open-domain question answering. However, the chunking process, which is essential to this pipeline, often receives insufficient attention relative to retrieval and synthesis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Zuhong Liu , Charles-Elie Simon , Fabien Caspani

Chunking has emerged as a critical technique that enhances generative models by grounding their responses in efficiently segmented knowledge [1]. While initially developed for unimodal (primarily textual) domains, recent advances in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Shashanka B R , Mohith Charan R , Seema Banu F

In enterprise settings, efficiently retrieving relevant information from large and complex knowledge bases is essential for operational productivity and informed decision-making. This research presents a systematic empirical framework for…