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Scalability is a common issue among the most used permissionless blockchains, and several approaches have been proposed accordingly. As Ethereum is set to be a solid foundation for a decentralized Internet web, the need for tackling…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Mikel Cortes-Goicoechea , Luca Franceschini , Leonardo Bautista-Gomez

The Lightning Network (LN) is a prominent payment channel network aimed at addressing Bitcoin's scalability issues. Due to the privacy of channel balances, senders cannot reliably choose sufficiently liquid payment paths and resort to a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Rene Pickhardt , Sergei Tikhomirov , Alex Biryukov , Mariusz Nowostawski

Bitcoin is based on a P2P network that is used to propagate transactions and blocks. While the P2P network design intends to hide the topology of the P2P network, information about the topology is required to understand the network from a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Matthias Grundmann , Hedwig Amberg , Hannes Hartenstein

The BIX protocol is a blockchain-based protocol that allows distribution of certificates linking a subject with his public key, hence providing a service similar to that of a PKI but without the need of a CA. In this paper we analyze the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-07-29 Riccardo Longo , Federico Pintore , Giancarlo Rinaldo , Massimiliano Sala

Eclipse attacks isolate blockchain nodes by monopolizing their peer-to-peer connections. The attacks were extensively studied in Bitcoin (SP'15, SP'20, CCS'21, SP'23) and Monero (NDSS'25), but their practicality against Ethereum nodes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Ruisheng Shi , Yuxuan Liang , Zijun Guo , Qin Wang , Lina Lan , Chenfeng Wang , Zhuoyi Zheng

In recent months there has been an increase in the popularity and public awareness of secure, cloudless file transfer systems. The aim of these services is to facilitate the secure transfer of files in a peer-to- peer (P2P) fashion over the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-10-05 Jason Farina , Mark Scanlon , Stephen Kohlmann , Nhien-An Le Khac , M-Tahar Kechadi

Providing reliable and surreptitious communications is difficult in the presence of adaptive and resourceful state level censors. In this paper we introduce Tithonus, a framework that builds on the Bitcoin blockchain and network to provide…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Ruben Recabarren , Bogdan Carbunar

Our contributions with this paper are twofold. First, we elucidate the methodological requirements for a risk framework of custodial operations and argue for the value of this type of risk model as complementary with cryptographic and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Jacob Swambo , Antoine Poinsot

Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency that features a distributed, decentralized and trustworthy mechanism, which has made Bitcoin a popular global transaction platform. The transaction efficiency among nations and the privacy benefiting from address…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Yu-Jing Lin , Po-Wei Wu , Cheng-Han Hsu , I-Ping Tu , Shih-wei Liao

Bitcoin is a peer-to-peer payment system proposed by Nakamoto in 2008. Based on the Nakamoto consensus, Bagaria, Kannan, Tse, Fanti, and Viswanath proposed the Prism protocol in 2018 and showed that it achieves near-optimal blockchain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-27 Jing Li , Dongning Guo

GHOST, like the longest-chain protocol, is a chain selection protocol and its capability in resisting selfish mining attack has been validated in imperfect blockchains of Bitcoin and its variants (Bitcoin-like). This paper explores an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Haoran Zhu , Xiaolin Chang , Jelena Mišić , Vojislav B. Mišić , Lei Han , Zhi Chen

Bitcoin is by far the most popular crypto-currency solution enabling peer-to-peer payments. Despite some studies highlighting the network does not provide full anonymity, it is still being heavily used for a wide variety of dubious…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Yining Hu , Suranga Seneviratne , Kanchana Thilakarathna , Kensuke Fukuda , Aruna Seneviratne

Peer-to-peer (P2P) overlay networks such as BitTorrent and Avalanche are increasingly used for disseminating potentially large files from a server to many end users via the Internet. The key idea is to divide the file into many…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Jochen Mundinger , Richard R. Weber , Gideon Weiss

P2P overlays provide a framework for building distributed applications consisting of few to many resources with features including self-configuration, scalability, and resilience to node failures. Such systems have been successfully adopted…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2010-04-15 David Isaac Wolinsky , Pierre St. Juste , P. Oscar Boykin , Renato Figueiredo

It is now a whole year since Lightning Network (LN) has been launched on the Bitcoi's mainnet. LN has been claimed as the solution for several of Bitcoin's weaknesses such as its difficulty to scale in number of transactions per second and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-21 Stefano Martinazzi

At the core of each blockchain system, parties communicate through a peer-to-peer (P2P) overlay. Unfortunately, recent evidence suggests these P2P overlays represent a significant bottleneck for transaction throughput and scalability.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Naqib Zarin , Isaac Sheff , Stefanie Roos

Anonymous communication networks have emerged as crucial tools for obfuscating communication pathways and concealing user identities. However, their practical deployments face significant challenges, including susceptibility to artificial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Chao Ge , Wei Yuan , Ge Chen , Yanbin Pan , Yuan Shen

The blockchain technology is believed by many to be a game changer in many application domains, especially financial applications. While the first generation of blockchain technology (i.e., Blockchain 1.0) is almost exclusively used for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Huashan Chen , Marcus Pendleton , Laurent Njilla , Shouhuai Xu

TLS is an end-to-end protocol designed to provide confidentiality and integrity guarantees that improve end-user security and privacy. While TLS helps defend against pervasive surveillance of intercepted unencrypted traffic, it also hinders…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Xavier de Carné de Carnavalet , Paul C. van Oorschot

The proliferation of peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing protocols is due to their efficient and scalable methods for data dissemination to numerous users. But many of these networks have no provisions to provide users with long term access to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Andrew Pavlo , Ning Shi