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Related papers: Solar Atmospheric Abundances in Space & Time

200 papers

Elemental abundances in solar flares are observed to vary both spatially and temporally, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. There is an interplay between advection and the preferential acceleration of low first…

One puzzling question in solar physics is the difference between elemental abundances in the photosphere and the corona. Elements with low first ionization potential (FIP) can be overabundant in the corona compared to the photosphere under…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-05 Bálint Seli , Levente Kriskovics , Krisztián Vida

Plasma composition in the solar atmosphere differs between the photosphere and corona, producing an observable difference in elemental abundance known as the FIP effect. The FIP effect is characterised by the ratio of low to high FIP…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-06 Kristena D. Spruksta , David M. Long , Andy S. H. To

The abundances of low First Ionisation Potential (FIP) elements are three to four times higher (FIP bias) in the closed loop active corona than in the photosphere, known as the FIP effect. Observations suggest that the abundances vary in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-19 Lakshitha Nama , Biswajit Mondal , S Narendranath , KT Paul

The solar corona shows a distinctive pattern of elemental abundances that is different from that of the photosphere. Low first ionization potential (FIP) elements are enhanced by factors of several. A similar effect is seen in the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-29 David H. Brooks

Elemental abundance variations in the solar corona, commonly characterised by First Ionisation Potential (FIP) bias, provide crucial diagnostics of chromospheric processes. The ponderomotive force model, which attributes fractionation to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-16 Andy S. H. To , J. Martin Laming , Jeffrey Reep , Adam J. Finley

The Solar First Ionization Potential (FIP) effect, where low-FIP elements are enriched in the corona relative to the photosphere, while high-FIP abundances remain unchanged, has been known for a long while. High resolution X-ray…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 R. Nordon , E. Behar

We present an X-ray spectral analysis of four solar analogs with different ages and magnetic activity levels. We find largely different coronal compositions. The most active stars tend to show an ``Inverse First Ionization Potential''…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Guedel , M. Audard , A. Sres , R. Wehrli , E. Behar , R. Mewe , A. J. J. Raassen , H. Magee

A model for element abundance fractionation between the solar chromosphere and corona is further developed. The ponderomotive force due to Alfven waves propagating through, or reflecting from the chromosphere in solar conditions generally…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 J. Martin Laming

Acceleration and transport of solar energetic particles (SEPs) causes their abundances, measured at constant velocity, to be enhanced or suppressed as a function of each ion's magnetic rigidity, and hence its atomic mass-to-charge ratio…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-19 Donald V. Reames

Elemental abundances in the solar corona differ from those in the photosphere, with low first ionization potential (FIP) elements being enhanced, a phenomenon known as the FIP effect. This enhancement is attributed to ponderomotive forces…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-23 Kyoung-Sun Lee , Jongchul Chae , Hannah Kwak , Kyuhyoun Cho , Kyeore Lee , Juhyung Kang , Eun-Kyung Lim , Donguk Song

Elemental abundance effects in active coronae have eluded our understanding for almost three decades, since the discovery of the First Ionization Potential (FIP) effect on the sun. The goal of this paper is to monitor the same coronal…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-12-04 Raanan Nordon , Ehud Behar , Stephen A. Drake

It is well established that elemental abundances vary in the solar atmosphere and that this variation is organized by first ionization potential (FIP). Previous studies have shown that in the solar corona low-FIP elements, such as Fe, Si,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-22 Harry P. Warren , David H. Brooks , George A. Doschek , Uri Feldman

Many jets are detected at X-ray wavelengths in the Sun's polar regions, and the ejected plasma along the jets has been suggested to contribute mass to the fast solar wind. From in-situ measurements in the magnetosphere, it has been found…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-19 Kyoung-Sun Lee , David H. Brooks , Shinsuke Imada

The different elemental abundances of the photosphere and the corona are striking features of not only the Sun, but other stars as well. This phenomenon is known as the FIP effect (FIP stands for first ionization potential), and its…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-14 B. Seli , K. Oláh , L. Kriskovics , Zs. Kővári , K. Vida , L. G. Balázs , J. M. Laming , L. van Driel-Gesztelyi , D. Baker

Solar atmospheric elemental abundances are now known to vary both in space and time. Dynamic modeling of these changes is therefore necessary to improve the accuracy of radiative hydrodynamic simulations. Recent studies have shown that…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-13 David H. Brooks , Jeffrey W. Reep , Andy S. H. To , Luke Fushimi Benavitz , Lucas A. Tarr

This is a study of abundances of the elements He, C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ar, Ca, and Fe in solar energetic particles (SEPs) in the 2 - 15 MeV amu-1 region measured on the Wind spacecraft during 54 large SEP events occurring between…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Donald V. Reames

Understanding elemental abundance variations in the solar corona provides an insight into how matter and energy flow from the chromosphere into the heliosphere. Observed variations depend on the first ionization potential (FIP) of the main…

We discuss models for coronal abundance anomalies observed in the coronae of the sun and other late-type stars following a scenario first introduced by Schwadron, Fisk & Zurbuchen of the interaction of waves at loop footpoints with the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 J. Martin Laming

We present evidences that anomalies in abundance of the chemical minor elements with the low first ionization potential (FIP) in the low corona of the late-type stars can be related with topology of the large-scale magnetic field. The solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-09 V. V. Pipin , V. M. Tomozov