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Trajectory prediction for surrounding agents is a challenging task in autonomous driving due to its inherent uncertainty and underlying multimodality. Unlike prevailing data-driven methods that primarily rely on supervised learning, in this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Muleilan Pei , Shaoshuai Shi , Lu Zhang , Peiliang Li , Shaojie Shen

This paper aims to improve the performance of video multimodal large language models (MLLM) via long and rich context (LRC) modeling. As a result, we develop a new version of InternVideo2.5 with a focus on enhancing the original MLLMs'…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Yi Wang , Xinhao Li , Ziang Yan , Yinan He , Jiashuo Yu , Xiangyu Zeng , Chenting Wang , Changlian Ma , Haian Huang , Jianfei Gao , Min Dou , Kai Chen , Wenhai Wang , Yu Qiao , Yali Wang , Limin Wang

This paper introduces a new scalable multi-objective deep reinforcement learning (MODRL) framework based on deep Q-networks. We develop a high-performance MODRL framework that supports both single-policy and multi-policy strategies, as well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Thanh Thi Nguyen , Ngoc Duy Nguyen , Peter Vamplew , Saeid Nahavandi , Richard Dazeley , Chee Peng Lim

This paper investigates Reinforcement Learning (RL) approaches to enhance the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Model (LLM) agents in long-horizon, multi-turn scenarios. Although RL algorithms such as Group Relative Policy…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a transformative approach for aligning and enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs), addressing critical challenges in instruction following, ethical alignment, and reasoning capabilities. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Saksham Sahai Srivastava , Vaneet Aggarwal

Offline goal-conditioned reinforcement learning (GCRL) aims at solving goal-reaching tasks with sparse rewards from an offline dataset. While prior work has demonstrated various approaches for agents to learn near-optimal policies, these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Chenyang Cao , Zichen Yan , Renhao Lu , Junbo Tan , Xueqian Wang

We present LongQLoRA, an efficient and effective method to extend context length of large language models with less training resources. LongQLoRA combines the advantages of Position Interpolation, QLoRA and Shift Short Attention of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Jianxin Yang

While Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at code generation by learning from vast code corpora, a fundamental semantic gap remains between their training on textual patterns and the goal of functional correctness, which is governed by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Xue Jiang , Yihong Dong , Mengyang Liu , Hongyi Deng , Tian Wang , Yongding Tao , Rongyu Cao , Binhua Li , Zhi Jin , Wenpin Jiao , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li , Ge Li

Reinforcement learning (RL) training of large language models (LLMs) on unverifiable tasks is challenging even when a reasonable-quality reference answer is available. We propose a constrained RL training framework that (i) optimizes a…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has become the most effective post-training approach for improving the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). In practice, because of the high demands on latency and memory, it is particularly challenging…

Direct evaluation of LLMs on benchmarks can be misleading because comparatively strong performance may reflect task familiarity rather than capability. The train-before-test approach controls for task familiarity by giving each model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Kun Wang , Reinhard Heckel

The Neural Contextual Reinforcement Framework introduces an innovative approach to enhancing the logical coherence and structural consistency of text generated by large language models. Leveraging reinforcement learning principles, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Marcus Irvin , William Cooper , Edward Hughes , Jessica Morgan , Christopher Hamilton

Recent high-capacity vision-language-action (VLA) models have demonstrated impressive performance on a range of robotic manipulation tasks by imitating human demonstrations. However, exploiting offline data with limited visited states will…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Guanxing Lu , Wenkai Guo , Chubin Zhang , Yuheng Zhou , Haonan Jiang , Zifeng Gao , Yansong Tang , Ziwei Wang

Despite the advancements and impressive performance of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) on benchmarks, their effectiveness in real-world, long-context, and multi-image tasks is unclear due to the benchmarks' limited scope. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Dingjie Song , Shunian Chen , Guiming Hardy Chen , Fei Yu , Xiang Wan , Benyou Wang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) struggle with numerical regression under long-tailed target distributions. Token-level supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and point-wise regression rewards bias learning toward high-density regions,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yao Du , Shanshan Song , Xiaomeng Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with long-context reasoning, not only due to the quadratic scaling of computational complexity with sequence length but also because of the scarcity and expense of annotating long-context data. There…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Linda He , Jue Wang , Maurice Weber , Shang Zhu , Ben Athiwaratkun , Ce Zhang

Long-form generation has become a critical and challenging application for Large Language Models (LLMs). Existing studies are limited by their reliance on scarce, high-quality long-form response data and their focus on coarse-grained,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Jianghao Chen , Wei Sun , Qixiang Yin , Zhixing Tan , Jiajun Zhang

Reinforcement learning has emerged as a powerful paradigm for unlocking reasoning capabilities in language models. However, relying on sparse rewards makes this process highly sample-inefficient, as models must navigate vast search spaces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Ilia Mahrooghi , Aryo Lotfi , Emmanuel Abbe

Reinforcement learning from verifiable rewards (RLVR) is a promising paradigm for improving large language model (LLM) agents on long-horizon interactive tasks. However, in partially observable environments, incomplete observations cause…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Wenjie Tang , Minne Li , Sijie Huang , Liquan Xiao , Yuan Zhou

As Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to evolve, more are being designed to handle long-context inputs. Despite this advancement, most of them still face challenges in accurately handling long-context tasks, often showing the "lost in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Yijiong Yu , Yongfeng Huang , Zhixiao Qi , Zhe Zhou