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In this study, we present and validate the predictive capability of the Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) methodology for solving a variety of engineering and biological dynamical systems governed by ordinary differential equations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Tyrus Whitman , Andrew Particka , Christopher Diers , Ian Griffin , Charuka Wickramasinghe , Pradeep Ranaweera

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) leverage neural-networks to find the solutions of partial differential equation (PDE)-constrained optimization problems with initial conditions and boundary conditions as soft constraints. These soft…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Rambod Mojgani , Maciej Balajewicz , Pedram Hassanzadeh

Most noninvasive imaging techniques utilize electromagnetic or acoustic waves originating from multiple locations and directions to identify hidden geometrical structures. Surprisingly, it is also possible to image hidden voids and…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Saviz Mowlavi , Ken Kamrin

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have become a prominent application of deep learning in scientific computation, as they are powerful approximators of solutions to nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). There have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Hwijae Son , Sung Woong Cho , Hyung Ju Hwang

Physics informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently been proposed as surrogate models for solving process optimization problems. However, in an active learning setting collecting enough data for reliably training PINNs poses a challenge.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-22 Liqiu Dong , Marta Zagorowska , Tong Liu , Alex Durkin , Mehmet Mercangöz

Numerical methods such as finite element have been flourishing in the past decades for modeling solid mechanics problems via solving governing partial differential equations (PDEs). A salient aspect that distinguishes these numerical…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-06-16 Chengping Rao , Hao Sun , Yang Liu

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have become a promising research direction in the field of solving Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). Dealing with singular perturbation problems continues to be a difficult challenge in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Sen Wang , Peizhi Zhao , Qinglong Ma , Tao Song

Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KANs) shift neural computation from linear layers to learnable nonlinear edge functions, but implementing these nonlinearities efficiently in hardware remains an open challenge. Here we introduce a physical…

Solving time-dependent Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) is one of the most critical problems in computational science. While Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) offer a promising framework for approximating PDE solutions, their…

Recent work has established an alternative to traditional multi-layer perceptron neural networks in the form of Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KAN). The general KAN framework uses learnable activation functions on the edges of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Eric A. F. Reinhardt , P. R. Dinesh , Sergei Gleyzer

Differential equations are involved in modeling many engineering problems. Many efforts have been devoted to solving differential equations. Due to the flexibility of neural networks, Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have recently…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Siyuan Yang , Cheng Song , Zhilu Lai , Wenjia Wang

A physics-informed neural network (PINN) is developed, for the first time, to learn the time-dependent quasi-static magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations in axisymmetric tokamak geometry, without any experimental or synthetic data. The…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-04-23 Jonathan S. Arnaud , Christopher J. McDevitt , Golo Wimmer , Xian-Zhu Tang

Despite their immense success, deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can be difficult to optimize and costly to train due to hundreds of layers within the network depth. Conventional convolutional operations are fundamentally limited by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Ray Congrui Yu , Sherry Wu , Jiang Gui

Physics-Informed Neural Networks present a novel approach in SciML that integrates physical laws in the form of partial differential equations directly into the NN through soft constraints in the loss function. This work studies the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Suhas Suresh Bharadwaj , Reuben Thomas Thovelil

Neural networks are powerful function approximators, yet their ``black-box" nature often renders them opaque and difficult to interpret. While many post-hoc explanation methods exist, they typically fail to capture the underlying reasoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Nisal Ranasinghe , Yu Xia , Sachith Seneviratne , Saman Halgamuge

Real-time, physically-consistent predictions on low-power edge devices is critical for the next generation embodied AI systems, yet it remains a major challenge. Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) combine data-driven learning with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Chi Zhang , Lin Wang

Partial differential equations (PDEs) are an essential computational kernel in physics and engineering. With the advance of deep learning, physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), as a mesh-free method, have shown great potential for fast…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Junjun Yan , Xinhai Chen , Zhichao Wang , Enqiang Zhoui , Jie Liu

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as promising surrogate modes for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). Their effectiveness lies in the ability to capture solution-related features through neural networks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Junjun Yan , Xinhai Chen , Zhichao Wang , Enqiang Zhou , Jie Liu

Efficient and robust optimization is essential for neural networks, enabling scientific machine learning models to converge rapidly to very high accuracy -- faithfully capturing complex physical behavior governed by differential equations.…

A physics informed neural network (PINN) incorporates the physics of a system by satisfying its boundary value problem through a neural network's loss function. The PINN approach has shown great success in approximating the map between the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-03-17 Revanth Mattey , Susanta Ghosh