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Cognitive radio (CR) networks face significant challenges in spectrum sensing, especially under spectrum scarcity. Fluid antenna systems (FAS) can offer an unorthodox solution due to their ability to dynamically adjust antenna positions for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-14 Junteng Yao , Ming Jin , Tuo Wu , Maged Elkashlan , Chau Yuen , Kai-Kit Wong , George K. Karagiannidis , Hyundong Shin

Fluid antenna (FA) array is envisioned as a promising technology for next-generation communication systems, owing to its ability to dynamically control the antenna locations. In this paper, we apply FA array to boost the performance of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-24 Saeid Pakravan , Mohsen Ahmadzadeh , Ming Zeng , Ghosheh Abed Hodtani , Jean-Yves Chouinard , Leslie A Rusch

Fluid antenna systems (FAS) enable unprecedented spatial diversity within a compact form factor by flexibly switching among high-density antenna ports. To activate this capability, channel state information (CSI) over the ports is required,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zhentian Zhang , Hao Jiang , Kai-Kit Wong , Hyundong Shin , Ross Murch

Fluid antenna systems (FASs) have introduced a new paradigm for wireless system design by revealing how mutual correlation can be exploited to harvest inherent spatial diversity. While existing studies have mainly focused on one-sided FAS…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zhentian Zhang , Yuanhui Wu , Kai-Kit Wong , Hao Jiang , An Li

As a pivotal usage scenario for 6G networks, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has emerged as a focal point of both academic and industrial research. To accommodate the heterogeneous connectivity requirements of future networks…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-29 Qinyuan Zheng , Pengcheng Zhu

This paper proposes a novel fluid antenna system (FAS)-enabled architecture to improve energy efficiency (EE) without sacrificing capacity. Specifically, we integrate FAS into cell-free massive MIMO systems to counteract low-resolution…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jun Qian , Ross Murch , Khaled B. Letaief

Fluid antenna system (FAS) has recently surfaced as a promising technology for the upcoming sixth generation (6G) wireless networks. Unlike traditional antenna system (TAS) with fixed antenna location, FAS introduces a flexible component in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-04 Wee Kiat New , Kai-Kit Wong , Hao Xu , Farshad Rostami Ghadi , Ross Murch , Chan-Byoung Chae

Consider the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a continuous fluid antenna system (CFAS) operating over a Rayleigh fading channel. In this paper, we extend traditional system assumptions and consider spatially coherent isotropic correlation,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-13 Peter J. Smith , Amy S. Inwood , Michail Matthaiou , Rajitha Senanayake

Fluid antenna systems (FAS) have recently emerged as a promising solution for sixth-generation (6G) ultra-dense connectivity. These systems utilize dynamic radiating and/or shaping techniques to mitigate interference and improve spectral…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-25 Baiyang Liu , Jiewei Huang , Tuo Wu , Huan Meng , Fengcheng Mei , Lei Ning , Kai-Kit Wong , Hang Wong , Kin-Fai Tong , Kwai-Man Luk

Enormous fluid antenna systems (E-FAS), the system concept that utilizes position reconfigurability in the large scale, have emerged as a new architectural paradigm where intelligent surfaces are repurposed from passive smart reflectors…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Farshad Rostami Ghadi , Kai-Kit Wong , Masoud Kaveh , Wee Kiat New , Chan-Byoung Chae , Lajos Hanzo

In this letter, we investigate the fundamental limits of localization in fluid antenna systems (FAS) utilizing a Fisher-information-theoretic framework. We develop a unified model to quantify the localization information extractable from…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-17 Abdelhamid Salem , Kai-Kit Wong , Hyundong Shin , Yangyang Zhang

Interference and scattering, often deemed undesirable, are inevitable in wireless communications, especially when the current mobile networks and upcoming sixth generation (6G) have turned into ultra-dense networks. Current approaches…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-02-10 Baiyang Liu , Kin-Fai Tong , Kai-Kit Wong , Chan-Byoung Chae , Hang Wong

In this work, a novel design of electromagnetically reconfigurable antennas (ERAs) based on a fluid antenna system (FAS) is proposed, and the corresponding wireless channel model is established. Different from conventional antenna arrays…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-06 Ruiqi Wang , Pinjun Zheng , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri , Atif Shamim

We introduce a novel received signal strength intensity (RSSI)-based positioning method using fluid antenna systems (FAS), leveraging their inherent channel correlation properties to improve location accuracy. By enabling a single antenna…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-04 Wenzhi Liu , Zhisheng Rong , Xiayue Liu , Yufei Jiang , Xu Zhu

In conventional multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems, the positions of antennas are fixed. To take full advantage of spatial degrees of freedom, a new technology called fluid antenna (FA) is proposed to obtain higher…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Yuqi Ye , Li You , Jue Wang , Hao Xu , Kai-Kit Wong , Xiqi Gao

Traditional single-input single-output (SISO) systems face fundamental limitations in achieving accurate three-dimensional (3D) localization due to limited spatial degrees of freedom (DoF) and the adverse impact of multipath propagation.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-17 Hua Chen , Tao Gong , Tuo Wu , Maged Elkashlan , Baiyang Liu , Chan-Byoung Chae , Kin-Fai Tong , Kai-Kit Wong

Low-altitude wireless networks (LAWNs) are widely regarded as a cornerstone of the emerging low-altitude economy, yet they face significant challenges, including rapidly varying channels, diverse functional requirements, and dynamic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Wenchao Liu , Xuhui Zhang , Chunjie Wang , Jinke Ren , Weijie Yuan , Changsheng You

Over-the-air computation (AirComp) has emerged as a promising technology for fast wireless data aggregation by harnessing the superposition property of wireless multiple-access channels. This paper investigates a fluid antenna (FA)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Deyou Zhang , Sicong Ye , Ming Xiao , Kezhi Wang , Marco Di Renzo , Mikael Skoglund

In this paper, we propose an energy efficient wireless communication system based on fluid antenna relay (FAR) to solve the problem of non-line-of-sight (NLoS) links caused by blockages with considering the physical properties. Driven by…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-07 Ruopeng Xu , Zhaohui Yang , Zhaoyang Zhang , Mohammad Shikh-Bahaei , Kaibin Huang , Dusit Niyato

The advent of the sixth-generation (6G) networks presents another round of revolution for the mobile communication landscape, promising an immersive experience, robust reliability, minimal latency, extreme connectivity, ubiquitous coverage,…