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Federated learning (FL) is emerging as a new paradigm to train machine learning models in distributed systems. Rather than sharing, and disclosing, the training dataset with the server, the model parameters (e.g. neural networks weights and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-27 Stefano Savazzi , Monica Nicoli , Vittorio Rampa

In terms of artificial intelligence, there are several security and privacy deficiencies in the traditional centralized training methods of machine learning models by a server. To address this limitation, federated learning (FL) has been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Yao Chen , Yijie Gui , Hong Lin , Wensheng Gan , Yongdong Wu

Federated Learning (FL) is widely recognized as a privacy-preserving Machine Learning paradigm due to its model-sharing mechanism that avoids direct data exchange. Nevertheless, model training leaves exploitable traces that can be used to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Chao Feng , Yuanzhe Gao , Alberto Huertas Celdran , Gerome Bovet , Burkhard Stiller

The current state of the art systems in Artificial Intelligence (AI) enabled intrusion detection use a variety of black box methods. These black box methods are generally trained using Error Based Learning (EBL) techniques with a focus on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Jesse Ables , Thomas Kirby , Sudip Mittal , Ioana Banicescu , Shahram Rahimi , William Anderson , Maria Seale

Federated learning (FL) systems typically employ stateless client selection, treating each communication round independently and ignoring accumulated evidence of client contribution quality. Under non-IID data, this leads to slow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Mohamed Lakas , Mohamed Amine Ferrag

Deep learning-based fine-grained network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) enable different attacks to be responded to in a fast and targeted manner with the help of large-scale labels. However, the cost of labeling causes insufficient…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Xinran Zheng , Shuo Yang , Xingjun Wang

Federated learning (FL) is increasingly deployed among multiple clients to train a shared model over decentralized data. To address privacy concerns, FL systems need to safeguard the clients' data from disclosure during training and control…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Zhifeng Jiang , Wei Wang , Ruichuan Chen

This paper proposes a Trans-XFed architecture that combines federated learning with explainable AI techniques for supply chain credit assessment. The proposed model aims to address several key challenges, including privacy, information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Jie Shi , Arno P. J. M. Siebes , Siamak Mehrkanoon

Modern network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) frequently utilize the predictive power of complex deep learning models. However, the "black-box" nature of such deep learning methods adds a layer of opaqueness that hinders the proper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Vinura Galwaduge , Jagath Samarabandu

The rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Edge Computing has presented challenges for centralized Machine and Deep Learning (ML/DL) methods due to the presence of distributed data silos that hold sensitive information. To…

In the realm of Artificial Intelligence (AI), the need for privacy and security in data processing has become paramount. As AI applications continue to expand, the collection and handling of sensitive data raise concerns about individual…

As Federated Learning (FL) expands, the challenge of non-independent and identically distributed (non-IID) data becomes critical. Clustered Federated Learning (CFL) addresses this by training multiple specialized models, each representing a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-21 Michael Ben Ali , Omar El-Rifai , Imen Megdiche , André Peninou , Olivier Teste

The augmentation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices transformed both automation and connectivity but revealed major security vulnerabilities in networks. We address these challenges by designing a robust intrusion detection system (IDS) to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Karma Gurung , Ashutosh Ghimire , Fathi Amsaad

As the Internet of Things (IoT) continues to expand, ensuring the security of connected devices has become increasingly critical. Traditional Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) often fall short in managing the dynamic and large-scale nature…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Saeid Jamshidi , Amin Nikanjam , Nafi Kawser Wazed , Foutse Khomh

Machine learning (ML) models serve as powerful tools for threat detection and mitigation; however, they also introduce potential new risks. Adversarial input can exploit these models through standard interfaces, thus creating new attack…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Betül Güvenç Paltun , Ramin Fuladi , Rim El Malki

An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) aims to alert users of incoming attacks by deploying a detector that monitors network traffic continuously. As an effort to increase detection capabilities, a set of independent IDS detectors typically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Guntur Dharma Putra , Volkan Dedeoglu , Salil S Kanhere , Raja Jurdak

Network-based intrusion detection system (NIDS) monitors network traffic for malicious activities, forming the frontline defense against increasing attacks over information infrastructures. Although promising, our quantitative analysis…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Chenyang Qiu , Yingsheng Geng , Junrui Lu , Kaida Chen , Shitong Zhu , Ya Su , Guoshun Nan , Can Zhang , Junsong Fu , Qimei Cui , Xiaofeng Tao

Federated learning (FL) is a popular approach to facilitate privacy-aware machine learning since it allows multiple clients to collaboratively train a global model without granting others access to their private data. It is, however, known…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Hongsheng Hu , Xuyun Zhang , Zoran Salcic , Lichao Sun , Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo , Gillian Dobbie

As a promising method of central model training on decentralized device data while securing user privacy, Federated Learning (FL)is becoming popular in Internet of Things (IoT) design. However, when the data collected by IoT devices are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Tian Liu , Jiahao Ding , Ting Wang , Miao Pan , Mingsong Chen

The rapidly expanding number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices is generating huge quantities of data, but the data privacy and security exposure in IoT devices, especially in the automatic driving system. Federated learning (FL) is a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Jiayin Li , Wenzhong Guo , Xingshuo Han , Jianping Cai , Ximeng Liu