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Related papers: Inference-Time Scaling in Diffusion Models through…

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Test-time scaling through reward-guided generation remains largely unexplored for discrete diffusion models despite its potential as a promising alternative. In this work, we introduce Iterative Reward-Guided Refinement (IterRef), a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Sanghyun Lee , Sunwoo Kim , Seungryong Kim , Jongho Park , Dongmin Park

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable success in generative tasks, including audio super-resolution (SR). In many applications like movie post-production and album mastering, substantial computational budgets are available for…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yizhu Jin , Zhen Ye , Zeyue Tian , Haohe Liu , Qiuqiang Kong , Yike Guo , Wei Xue

Diffusion models have become a leading paradigm for image super-resolution (SR), but existing methods struggle to guarantee both the high-frequency perceptual quality and the low-frequency structural fidelity of generated images. Although…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Hexin Zhang , Dong Li , Jie Huang , Bingzhou Wang , Xueyang Fu , Zhengjun Zha

Generative models have made significant impacts across various domains, largely due to their ability to scale during training by increasing data, computational resources, and model size, a phenomenon characterized by the scaling laws.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Nanye Ma , Shangyuan Tong , Haolin Jia , Hexiang Hu , Yu-Chuan Su , Mingda Zhang , Xuan Yang , Yandong Li , Tommi Jaakkola , Xuhui Jia , Saining Xie

Discrete diffusion models have recently emerged as strong alternatives to autoregressive language models, matching their performance through large-scale training. However, inference-time control remains relatively underexplored. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Meihua Dang , Jiaqi Han , Minkai Xu , Kai Xu , Akash Srivastava , Stefano Ermon

To fully leverage the capabilities of diffusion models, we are often interested in optimizing downstream reward functions during inference. While numerous algorithms for reward-guided generation have been recently proposed due to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Masatoshi Uehara , Xingyu Su , Yulai Zhao , Xiner Li , Aviv Regev , Shuiwang Ji , Sergey Levine , Tommaso Biancalani

Diffusion models have shown impressive performance in many domains. However, the model's capability to follow natural language instructions (e.g., spatial relationships between objects, generating complex scenes) is still unsatisfactory. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Xinyan Chen , Jiaxin Ge , Tianjun Zhang , Jiaming Liu , Shanghang Zhang

Phase retrieval aims to recover a signal from intensity-only measurements, a fundamental problem in many fields such as imaging, holography, optical computing, crystallography, and microscopy. Although there are several well-known phase…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Mehmet Onurcan Kaya , Figen S. Oktem

In this work, we present the first study to explore inference-time scaling on table reasoning tasks. We develop and evaluate two post-training strategies to enable inference-time scaling: distillation from frontier model reasoning traces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zheyuan Yang , Lyuhao Chen , Arman Cohan , Yilun Zhao

Part of the success of diffusion models stems from their ability to perform iterative refinement, i.e., repeatedly correcting outputs during generation. However, modern masked discrete diffusion lacks this capability: when a token is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Guanghan Wang , Yair Schiff , Subham Sekhar Sahoo , Volodymyr Kuleshov

Recently, it has been shown that investing computing resources in searching for good initial noise for a text-to-image diffusion model helps improve performance. However, previous studies required external models to evaluate the resulting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Changhyun Choi , Sungha Kim , H. Jin Kim

While diffusion-based image restoration (IR) methods have achieved remarkable success, they are still limited by the low inference speed attributed to the necessity of executing hundreds or even thousands of sampling steps. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Zongsheng Yue , Jianyi Wang , Chen Change Loy

Implicit Neural Representations (INRs) have revolutionized signal processing and computer vision by modeling signals as continuous, differentiable functions parameterized by neural networks. However, INRs are prone to the spectral bias…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Ali Haider , Muhammad Salman Ali , Maryam Qamar , Tahir Khalil , Soo Ye Kim , Jihyong Oh , Enzo Tartaglione , Sung-Ho Bae

Generative models, including diffusion and flow-based models, often exhibit systematic biases that degrade sample quality, particularly in high-dimensional settings. We revisit refinement methods and show that effective bias correction can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Xin Peng , Ang Gao

There is intense interest in investigating how inference time compute (ITC) (e.g. repeated sampling, refinements, etc) can improve large language model (LLM) capabilities. At the same time, recent breakthroughs in reasoning models, such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Junlin Wang , Shang Zhu , Jon Saad-Falcon , Ben Athiwaratkun , Qingyang Wu , Jue Wang , Shuaiwen Leon Song , Ce Zhang , Bhuwan Dhingra , James Zou

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have yielded impressive performance on various tasks, yet they often depend on high-quality feedback that can be costly. Self-refinement methods attempt to leverage LLMs' internal evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Hikaru Asano , Tadashi Kozuno , Yukino Baba

Latent reasoning has emerged as a promising paradigm for sequential recommendation, enabling models to capture complex user intent through multi-step deliberation. Yet existing approaches often rely on deterministic latent chains that…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Jie Jiang , Yang Wu , Qian Li , Yuling Xiong , Yihang Su , Junbang Huo , Longfei Lu , Jun Zhang , Huan Yu

Recently, research on denoising diffusion models has expanded its application to the field of image restoration. Traditional diffusion-based image restoration methods utilize degraded images as conditional input to effectively guide the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Zhenning Shi , Haoshuai Zheng , Chen Xu , Changsheng Dong , Bin Pan , Xueshuo Xie , Along He , Tao Li , Huazhu Fu

Generative diffusion models (DM) have been extensively utilized in image super-resolution (ISR). Most of the existing methods adopt the denoising loss from DDPMs for model optimization. We posit that introducing reward feedback learning to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Xiaopeng Sun , Qinwei Lin , Yu Gao , Yujie Zhong , Chengjian Feng , Dengjie Li , Zheng Zhao , Jie Hu , Lin Ma

Test-time compute scaling allocates inference computation uniformly, uses fixed sampling strategies, and applies verification only for reranking. In contrast, we propose a verifier-guided adaptive framework treating reasoning as iterative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Ahsan Bilal , Ahmed Mohsin , Muhammad Umer , Ali Subhan , Hassan Rizwan , Ayesha Mohsin , Dean Hougen
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