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Deep neural network models are used today in various applications of artificial intelligence, the strengthening of which, in the face of adversarial attacks is of particular importance. An appropriate solution to adversarial attacks is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Mohammad Khalooei , Mohammad Mehdi Homayounpour , Maryam Amirmazlaghani

Semi-structured documents integrate diverse interleaved data elements (e.g., tables, charts, hierarchical paragraphs) arranged in various and often irregular layouts. These documents are widely observed across domains and account for a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Bangrui Xu , Qihang Yao , Zirui Tang , Xuanhe Zhou , Yeye He , Shihan Yu , Qianqian Xu , Bin Wang , Guoliang Li , Conghui He , Fan Wu

Conventional document layout analysis (DLA) traditionally depends on empirical priors or a fixed set of learnable queries executed in a single forward pass. While sufficient for early-generation documents with a small, predetermined number…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Yufan Chen , Omar Moured , Ruiping Liu , Junwei Zheng , Kunyu Peng , Jiaming Zhang , Rainer Stiefelhagen

Every day, thousands of digital documents are generated with useful information for companies, public organizations, and citizens. Given the impossibility of processing them manually, the automatic processing of these documents is becoming…

Deep neural networks perform remarkably well on image classification tasks but remain vulnerable to carefully crafted adversarial perturbations. This work revisits linear dimensionality reduction as a simple, data-adapted defense. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Killian Steunou , Théo Druilhe , Sigurd Saue

Most existing approaches to AI in pharmacy collapse three epistemologically distinct operations into a single technical layer: document preservation, semantic interpretation, and contextual presentation. This conflation is a root cause of…

Robustness has become a critical attribute for the deployment of RAG systems in real-world applications. Existing research focuses on robustness to explicit noise (e.g., document semantics) but overlooks implicit noise (spurious features).…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Shiping Yang , Jie Wu , Wenbiao Ding , Ning Wu , Shining Liang , Ming Gong , Hongzhi Li , Hengyuan Zhang , Angel X. Chang , Dongmei Zhang

Document Layout Analysis (DLA) is a fundamental task in document understanding. However, existing DLA and adaptation methods often require access to large-scale source data and target labels. This requirements severely limiting their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Sebastian Tewes , Yufan Chen , Omar Moured , Jiaming Zhang , Rainer Stiefelhagen

Document structure analysis (aka document layout analysis) is crucial for understanding the physical layout and logical structure of documents, with applications in information retrieval, document summarization, knowledge extraction, etc.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Jiawei Wang , Kai Hu , Zhuoyao Zhong , Lei Sun , Qiang Huo

Structure information is critical for understanding the semantics of text-rich images, such as documents, tables, and charts. Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) for Visual Document Understanding are equipped with text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Anwen Hu , Haiyang Xu , Jiabo Ye , Ming Yan , Liang Zhang , Bo Zhang , Chen Li , Ji Zhang , Qin Jin , Fei Huang , Jingren Zhou

With the rapid advancement of tool-use capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs), Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is shifting from static, one-shot retrieval toward autonomous, multi-turn evidence acquisition. However, existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Zhanli Li , Huiwen Tian , Lvzhou Luo , Yixuan Cao , Ping Luo

Optical character recognition (OCR) and document understanding systems increasingly rely on large vision and vision-language models, yet evaluation remains centered on modern, Western, and institutional documents. This emphasis masks system…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Fitsum Sileshi Beyene , Christopher L. Dancy

Large Language Models, despite their power, have a fundamental architectural vulnerability stemming from their causal transformer design -- order sensitivity. This architectural constraint may distorts classification outcomes when prompt…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Linzhuo li

Software vulnerability detection is generally supported by automated static analysis tools, which have recently been reinforced by deep learning (DL) models. However, despite the superior performance of DL-based approaches over rule-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Yanjing Yang , Xin Zhou , Runfeng Mao , Jinwei Xu , Lanxin Yang , Yu Zhangm , Haifeng Shen , He Zhang

Medical document analysis plays a crucial role in extracting essential clinical insights from unstructured healthcare records, supporting critical tasks such as differential diagnosis. Determining the most probable condition among…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Lei Kang , Xuanshuo Fu , Oriol Ramos Terrades , Javier Vazquez-Corral , Ernest Valveny , Dimosthenis Karatzas

Architectural backdoors pose an under-examined but critical threat to deep neural networks, embedding malicious logic directly into a model's computational graph. Unlike traditional data poisoning or parameter manipulation, architectural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Victoria Childress , Josh Collyer , Jodie Knapp

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at text comprehension and generation, making them ideal for automated tasks like code review and content moderation. However, our research identifies a vulnerability: LLMs can be manipulated by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Honglin Mu , Jinghao Liu , Kaiyang Wan , Rui Xing , Xiuying Chen , Timothy Baldwin , Wanxiang Che

In this paper, we present a challenging code reasoning task: vulnerability detection. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising results in natural-language and math reasoning, but state-of-the-art (SOTA) models reported only 54.5%…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Benjamin Steenhoek , Md Mahbubur Rahman , Monoshi Kumar Roy , Mirza Sanjida Alam , Hengbo Tong , Swarna Das , Earl T. Barr , Wei Le

Vulnerability detectors based on deep learning (DL) models have proven their effectiveness in recent years. However, the shroud of opacity surrounding the decision-making process of these detectors makes it difficult for security analysts…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Baijun Cheng , Shengming Zhao , Kailong Wang , Meizhen Wang , Guangdong Bai , Ruitao Feng , Yao Guo , Lei Ma , Haoyu Wang

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have become capable reasoners, the problem of faithfulness persists: their reasoning can contain errors and omissions that are difficult to detect and that may obscure biases in model outputs. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jixuan Leng , Cassandra A. Cohen , Zhixian Zhang , Chenyan Xiong , William W. Cohen