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Optimizing the trade-off among predictive performance and computational cost is a central focus in the deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs). Current routing methods primarily rely on direct mapping from queries to models based on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Bo Lv , Jingbo Sun

Large language models (LLMs) excel at natural language understanding and generation but remain vulnerable to factual errors, limiting their reliability in knowledge-intensive tasks. While decoding-time strategies provide a promising…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Jingze Zhu , Yongliang Wu , Wenbo Zhu , Jiawang Cao , Yanqiang Zheng , Jiawei Chen , Xu Yang , Bernt Schiele , Jonas Fischer , Xinting Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance in complex reasoning tasks through the use of Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning, allowing models to break down problems into manageable sub-tasks. However, existing CoT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Jean-Francois Ton , Muhammad Faaiz Taufiq , Yang Liu

This study examines information suppression mechanisms in DeepSeek, an open-source large language model (LLM) developed in China. We propose an auditing framework and use it to analyze the model's responses to 646 politically sensitive…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Peiran Qiu , Siyi Zhou , Emilio Ferrara

People are regularly confronted with potentially deceptive statements (e.g., fake news, misleading product reviews, or lies about activities). Only few works on automated text-based deception detection have exploited the potential of deep…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Loukas Ilias , Felix Soldner , Bennett Kleinberg

To achieve generalized and robust natural-to-formal language conversion (N2F), large language models (LLMs) need to have strong capabilities of decomposition and composition in N2F when faced with an unfamiliar formal language and be able…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Ziyao Xu , Houfeng Wang

Understanding why a large language model (LLM) is uncertain about the response is important for their reliable deployment. Current approaches, which either provide a single uncertainty score or rely on the classical aleatoric-epistemic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Aditya Taparia , Ransalu Senanayake , Kowshik Thopalli , Vivek Narayanaswamy

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely believed to possess self-correction capabilities, yet recent studies suggest that intrinsic self-correction--where models correct their own outputs without external feedback--remains largely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Yin Li

Despite demonstrating emergent reasoning abilities, Large Language Models (LLMS) often lose track of complex, multi-step reasoning. Existing studies show that providing guidance via decomposing the original question into multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Gurusha Juneja , Subhabrata Dutta , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Existing tasks fall short in evaluating reasoning ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) in an interactive, unknown environment. This deficiency leads to the isolated assessment of deductive, inductive, and abductive reasoning, neglecting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Congchi Yin , Tianyi Wu , Yankai Shu , Alex Gu , Yunhan Wang , Jun Shao , Xun Jiang , Piji Li

Despite their impressive capabilities, large language models (LLMs) have been observed to generate responses that include inaccurate or fabricated information, a phenomenon commonly known as ``hallucination''. In this work, we propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Yue Zhang , Leyang Cui , Wei Bi , Shuming Shi

As AI systems increasingly assume roles where trust and alignment with human values are essential, understanding when and why they engage in deception has become a critical research priority. We introduce The Traitors, a multi-agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Pedro M. P. Curvo

With the proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs), the detection of misinformation has become increasingly important and complex. This research proposes an innovative verifiable misinformation detection LLM agent that goes beyond…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Zikun Cui , Tianyi Huang , Chia-En Chiang , Cuiqianhe Du

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable advances in language generation and understanding but are also prone to exhibiting harmful social biases. While recognition of these behaviors has generated an abundance of bias mitigation…

Claim decomposition plays a crucial role in the fact-checking process by breaking down complex claims into simpler atomic components and identifying their unfactual elements. Despite its importance, current research primarily focuses on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Minghui Huang

The efficacy of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) is critically dependent on the quality of their training data, requiring a precise balance between visual fidelity and instruction-following capability. Existing datasets, however, are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Zimu Jia , Mingjie Xu , Andrew Estornell , Jiaheng Wei

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable reasoning capabilities, inherent social biases often cascade throughout the Chain-of-Thought (CoT) process, leading to continuous "Bias Propagation". Existing debiasing methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xuan Feng , Shuai Zhao , Luwei Xiao , Tianlong Gu , Bo An

Are frontier AI systems becoming more capable? Certainly. Yet such progress is not an unalloyed blessing but rather a Trojan horse: behind their performance leaps lie more insidious and destructive safety risks, namely deception. Unlike…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Sitong Fang , Shiyi Hou , Kaile Wang , Boyuan Chen , Donghai Hong , Jiayi Zhou , Josef Dai , Yaodong Yang , Jiaming Ji

The training of large language models (LLMs) on extensive, unfiltered corpora sourced from the internet is a common and advantageous practice. Consequently, LLMs have learned and inadvertently reproduced various types of biases, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Ambri Ma , Arnav Kumar , Brett Zeligson

Alignment of Large Language models (LLMs) is crucial for safe and trustworthy deployment in applications. Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has emerged as an effective technique to align LLMs to human preferences and broader…

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