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Many real-world settings involve costs for performing actions; transaction costs in financial systems and fuel costs being common examples. In these settings, performing actions at each time step quickly accumulates costs leading to vastly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 David Mguni , Aivar Sootla , Juliusz Ziomek , Oliver Slumbers , Zipeng Dai , Kun Shao , Jun Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) struggles to scale to large, combinatorial action spaces common in many real-world problems. This paper introduces a novel framework for training discrete diffusion models as highly effective policies in these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Haitong Ma , Ofir Nabati , Aviv Rosenberg , Bo Dai , Oran Lang , Craig Boutilier , Na Li , Shie Mannor , Lior Shani , Guy Tenneholtz

One of the main challenges in reinforcement learning (RL) is that the agent has to make decisions that would influence the future performance without having complete knowledge of the environment. Dynamically adjusting the level of epistemic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Yupeng Wu , Wenyun Li , Wenjie Huang , Chin Pang Ho

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has recently received significant attention from the process systems engineering and control communities. Recent works have investigated the application of RL to identify optimal scheduling decision in the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-11 Max Mowbray , Dongda Zhang , Ehecatl Antonio Del Rio Chanona

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) based controllers for legged robots have demonstrated impressive robustness for walking in different environments for several robot platforms. To enable the application of RL policies for humanoid robots in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Rohan Pratap Singh , Mehdi Benallegue , Mitsuharu Morisawa , Rafael Cisneros , Fumio Kanehiro

Optimal execution is a sequential decision-making problem for cost-saving in algorithmic trading. Studies have found that reinforcement learning (RL) can help decide the order-splitting sizes. However, a problem remains unsolved: how to…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2022-07-25 Feiyang Pan , Tongzhe Zhang , Ling Luo , Jia He , Shuoling Liu

Reinforcement learning (RL) is concerned with how intelligence agents take actions in a given environment to maximize the cumulative reward they receive. In healthcare, applying RL algorithms could assist patients in improving their health…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-21 Chengchun Shi

Humans excel at robust bipedal walking in complex natural environments. In each step, they adequately tune the interaction of biomechanical muscle dynamics and neuronal signals to be robust against uncertainties in ground conditions.…

Social robots offer a promising solution for autonomously guiding patients through physiotherapy exercise sessions, but effective deployment requires advanced decision-making to adapt to patient needs. A key challenge is the scarcity of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Carl Bettosi , Lynne Ballie , Susan Shenkin , Marta Romeo

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has gained widespread adoption in recent years but faces significant challenges, particularly in unknown and complex environments. Among these, high-dimensional action selection stands out as a critical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-08 Wenbo Zhang , Hengrui Cai

Offline policy learning is aimed at learning decision-making policies using existing datasets of trajectories without collecting additional data. The primary motivation for using reinforcement learning (RL) instead of supervised learning…

Researchers and practitioners are increasingly considering reinforcement learning to optimize decisions in complex domains like robotics and healthcare. To date, these efforts have largely utilized expectation-based learning. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Zequn Chen , Wesley J. Marrero

Modern recommender systems aim to improve user experience. As reinforcement learning (RL) naturally fits this objective -- maximizing an user's reward per session -- it has become an emerging topic in recommender systems. Developing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Xin Xin , Tiago Pimentel , Alexandros Karatzoglou , Pengjie Ren , Konstantina Christakopoulou , Zhaochun Ren

Reinforcement learning (RL) in discrete action space is ubiquitous in real-world applications, but its complexity grows exponentially with the action-space dimension, making it challenging to apply existing on-policy gradient based deep RL…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-24 Yuguang Yue , Yunhao Tang , Mingzhang Yin , Mingyuan Zhou

In this paper, we develop a recommender system for a game that suggests potential items to players based on their interactive behaviors to maximize revenue for the game provider. Our approach is built on a reinforcement learning-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-18 Hung Nguyen , Minh Nguyen , Long Pham , Jennifer Adorno Nieves

Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) is structured to derive policies from static trajectory data without requiring real-time environment interactions. Recent studies have shown the feasibility of framing offline RL as a sequence modeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Abdelghani Ghanem , Philippe Ciblat , Mounir Ghogho

Clinical diagnosis guidelines aim at specifying the steps that may lead to a diagnosis. Inspired by guidelines, we aim to learn the optimal sequence of actions to perform in order to obtain a correct diagnosis from electronic health…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Lillian Muyama , Antoine Neuraz , Adrien Coulet

Reinforcement learning algorithms describe how an agent can learn an optimal action policy in a sequential decision process, through repeated experience. In a given environment, the agent policy provides him some running and terminal…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-03-24 Arthur Charpentier , Romuald Elie , Carl Remlinger

Imagine if AI decision-support tools not only complemented our ability to make accurate decisions, but also improved our skills, boosted collaboration, and elevated the joy we derive from our tasks. Despite the potential to optimize a broad…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Zana Buçinca , Siddharth Swaroop , Amanda E. Paluch , Susan A. Murphy , Krzysztof Z. Gajos

Wrist accelerometers for assessing hallmark measures of physical activity (PA) are rapidly growing with the advent of smartwatch technology. Given the growing popularity of wrist-worn accelerometers, there needs to be a rigorous evaluation…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-17 Mamoun T. Mardini , Subhash Nerella Amal A. Wanigatunga , Santiago Saldana , Ramon Casanova , Todd M. Manini