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Broken Object Level Authorization (BOLA) is consistently ranked the most critical API security vulnerability, yet the existing literature remains almost entirely conceptual. This paper presents one of the first large-scale empirical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Bandana Kaur

With the rapid advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), an increasing number of studies have leveraged LLMs as the cognitive core of agents to address complex task decision-making challenges. Specially, recent research has demonstrated…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Di Zhao , Longhui Ma , Siwei Wang , Miao Wang , Zhao Lv

Multimodal Large Language Models often suffer from object hallucination. While existing research utilizes attention enhancement and visual retracing, we find these works lack sufficient interpretability regarding attention drift in final…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Chengxu Yang , Jingling Yuan , Chuang Hu , Jiawei Jiang

Computer-use agents (CUAs) can now autonomously complete complex tasks in real digital environments, but when misled, they can also be used to automate harmful actions programmatically. Existing safety evaluations largely target explicit…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Xuwei Ding , Skylar Zhai , Linxin Song , Jiate Li , Taiwei Shi , Nicholas Meade , Siva Reddy , Jian Kang , Jieyu Zhao

Test-time compute has empowered multimodal large language models to generate extended reasoning chains, yielding strong performance on tasks such as multimodal math reasoning. However, this improved reasoning ability often comes with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Chengzhi Liu , Zhongxing Xu , Qingyue Wei , Juncheng Wu , James Zou , Xin Eric Wang , Yuyin Zhou , Sheng Liu

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled a new generation of autonomous agents that operate over sustained periods and manage sensitive resources on behalf of users. Trusted for their ability to act without direct…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Artem Grigor , Christian Schroeder de Witt , Simon Birnbach , Ivan Martinovic

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) achieve impressive performance on multimodal tasks but often suffer from hallucination, and confidently describe objects or attributes not present in the image. Current training-free interventions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Mehrdad Fazli , Bowen Wei , Ahmet Sari , Ziwei Zhu

Verifying the success of computer use agent (CUA) trajectories is a critical challenge: without reliable verification, neither evaluation nor training signal can be trusted. In this paper, we present lessons learned from building a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Corby Rosset , Pratyusha Sharma , Andrew Zhao , Miguel Gonzalez-Fernandez , Ahmed Awadallah

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated advanced capabilities but often suffer from factual inaccuracies (hallucinations) and systematic biases. These issues, sometimes amplified in specific architectures like Mixture-of-Experts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Shuai Wu , Xue Li , Yanna Feng , Yufang Li , Zhijun Wang , Ran Wang

Large language models (LLMs) still produce plausible-sounding but ungrounded factual claims, a problem that worsens in multi-turn dialogue as context grows and early errors cascade. We introduce $\textbf{HalluHard}$, a challenging…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Dongyang Fan , Sebastien Delsad , Nicolas Flammarion , Maksym Andriushchenko

We study a class of emergent misalignment in multi-agent systems (MAS), with a focus on automated workflows, which we refer to agentic misalignment. Although these systems can solve complex tasks, they often fail because agents act…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Wenqian Ye , Bo Yuan , Zhichao Xu , Yijun Tian , Yawei Wang , Henry Kautz , Aidong Zhang

Making roads safer by avoiding road collisions is one of the main reasons for inventing Autonomous vehicles (AVs). In this context, designing agent-based collision avoidance components of AVs which truly represent human cognition and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2017-11-07 Faisal Riaz , Muaz A. Niazi

While Large Language Models have transformed how we interact with AI systems, they suffer from a critical flaw: they confidently generate false information that sounds entirely plausible. This hallucination problem has become a major…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Piyushkumar Patel

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced natural language processing tasks, yet they are susceptible to generating inaccurate or unreliable responses, a phenomenon known as hallucination. In critical domains such as health…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Sumera Anjum , Hanzhi Zhang , Wenjun Zhou , Eun Jin Paek , Xiaopeng Zhao , Yunhe Feng

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents extend large language models from text generation to action execution in real-world digital environments. Unlike conversational systems, GUI agents perform irreversible operations such as submitting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Yucheng Shi , Wenhao Yu , Jingyuan Huang , Wenlin Yao , Wenhu Chen , Ninghao Liu

The emergence of multimodal large language models has redefined the agent paradigm by integrating language and vision modalities with external data sources, enabling agents to better interpret human instructions and execute increasingly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Le Wang , Zonghao Ying , Tianyuan Zhang , Siyuan Liang , Shengshan Hu , Mingchuan Zhang , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

Hallucination remains a critical bottleneck for large language models (LLMs), undermining their reliability in real-world applications, especially in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems. While existing hallucination detection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Zhuo Li , Yupeng Zhang , Pengyu Cheng , Jiajun Song , Mengyu Zhou , Hao Li , Shujie Hu , Yu Qin , Erchao Zhao , Xiaoxi Jiang , Guanjun Jiang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in visual understanding tasks, yet they often suffer from object hallucinations--generating descriptions of objects that are inconsistent with or entirely absent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xinmiao Hu , Chun Wang , Ruihe An , ChenYu Shao , Xiaojun Ye , Sheng Zhou , Liangcheng Li

Host-acting agents promise a convenient interaction model in which users specify goals and the system determines how to realize them. We argue that this convenience introduces a distinct security problem: semantic under-specification in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Di Lu , Yongzhi Liao , Xutong Mu , Lele Zheng , Ke Cheng , Xuewen Dong , Yulong Shen , Jianfeng Ma

Hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) -- generations that are plausible but factually unfaithful -- remain a critical barrier to high-stakes deployment. Current detection methods typically rely on computationally expensive external…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Manish Bhatt
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