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The phenomenon of data distribution evolving over time has been observed in a range of applications, calling the needs of adaptive learning algorithms. We thus study the problem of supervised gradual domain adaptation, where labeled data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Jing Dong , Shiji Zhou , Baoxiang Wang , Han Zhao

Diffusion models are a class of generative models that learn to synthesize samples by inverting a diffusion process that gradually maps data into noise. While these models have enjoyed great success recently, a full theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Raja Marjieh , Ilia Sucholutsky , Thomas A. Langlois , Nori Jacoby , Thomas L. Griffiths

Diffusion models have recently emerged as effective generative frameworks for trajectory optimization, capable of producing high-quality and diverse solutions. However, training these models in a purely data-driven manner without explicit…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Anjian Li , Ryne Beeson

Score-based diffusion models are a highly effective method for generating samples from a distribution of images. We consider scenarios where the training data comes from a noisy version of the target distribution, and present an efficiently…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-30 Dennis Elbrächter , Giovanni S. Alberti , Matteo Santacesaria

While diffusion models generate high-quality images via probability flow, the theoretical understanding of this process remains incomplete. A key question is when probability flow converges to training samples or more general points on the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-25 Chen Zeno , Hila Manor , Greg Ongie , Nir Weinberger , Tomer Michaeli , Daniel Soudry

Score-based diffusion models have emerged as powerful tools in generative modeling, yet their theoretical foundations remain underexplored. In this work, we focus on the Wasserstein convergence analysis of score-based diffusion models.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-10 Yifeng Yu , Lu Yu

The proliferation of diffusion models trained on web-scale, provenance-uncertain image collections has made it essential, yet technically unresolved, to determine whether a model has learned from specific copyrighted data without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Muxing Li , Zesheng Ye , Sharon Li , Andy Song , Guangquan Zhang , Feng Liu

We introduce a new generative model where samples are produced via Langevin dynamics using gradients of the data distribution estimated with score matching. Because gradients can be ill-defined and hard to estimate when the data resides on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Yang Song , Stefano Ermon

Sampling from learned high-dimensional distributions is a foundational computational problem. We introduce U-turn chains: Markov chains obtained by iterating short forward-backward steps of a diffusion model, in which each step proposes a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Hyunmo Kang , Noam Itzhak Levi , Corinna Elena Wegner , Daniel J. Korchinski , Matthieu Wyart

Asymptotic multiple scale homogenisation allows to determine the effective behaviour of a porous medium by starting from the pore-scale description, when there is a large separation between the pore-scale and the macroscopic scale. When the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2019-03-06 Pascale Royer

Diffusion models are gaining widespread use in cutting-edge image, video, and audio generation. Score-based diffusion models stand out among these methods, necessitating the estimation of score function of the input data distribution. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Fangzhao Zhang , Mert Pilanci

The probabilistic diffusion model (DM), generating content by inferencing through a recursive chain structure, has emerged as a powerful framework for visual generation. After pre-training on enormous data, the model needs to be properly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Tao Ren , Zishi Zhang , Jingyang Jiang , Zehao Li , Shentao Qin , Yi Zheng , Guanghao Li , Qianyou Sun , Yan Li , Jiafeng Liang , Xinping Li , Yijie Peng

This position paper argues that understanding generalization in diffusion models requires fundamentally new theoretical frameworks that go beyond both classical statistical learning theory and the benign overfitting paradigm developed for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Pierre Marion , Yu-Han Wu

We study reinforcement learning for controlled diffusion processes with unbounded continuous state spaces, bounded continuous actions, and polynomially growing rewards: settings that arise naturally in finance, economics, and operations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Hanqing Jin , Renyuan Xu , Yanzhao Yang

We propose a new model for the level I of a Limit Order Book (LOB), which incorporates the information about the standing orders at the opposite side of the book after each price change and the arrivals of new orders within the spread. Our…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2016-03-15 Jonathan A. Chávez-Casillas , José E. Figueroa-López

Diffusion models (DMs) are a powerful generative framework that have attracted significant attention in recent years. However, the high computational cost of training DMs limits their practical applications. In this paper, we start with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Tianshuo Xu , Peng Mi , Ruilin Wang , Yingcong Chen

With the great success of diffusion models (DMs) in generating realistic synthetic vision data, many researchers have investigated their potential in decision-making and control. Most of these works utilized DMs to sample directly from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hanye Zhao , Xiaoshen Han , Zhengbang Zhu , Minghuan Liu , Yong Yu , De-Chuan Zhan , Weinan Zhang

Continual learning aims to learn on non-stationary data streams without catastrophically forgetting previous knowledge. Prevalent replay-based methods address this challenge by rehearsing on a small buffer holding the seen data, for which a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Zhicheng Sun , Yadong Mu , Gang Hua

Diffusion models are a class of flexible generative models trained with an approximation to the log-likelihood objective. However, most use cases of diffusion models are not concerned with likelihoods, but instead with downstream objectives…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Kevin Black , Michael Janner , Yilun Du , Ilya Kostrikov , Sergey Levine

Priors with non-smooth log-densities, such as the l1-prior, are widely used in Bayesian inverse problems for their sparsity-inducing properties. Existing Langevin-based sampling methods typically rely on proximal mappings or smooth…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Ivan Cheltsov , Federico Cornalba , Clarice Poon , Tony Shardlow